Kofola 1.0: A Modular Approach to ω-Regular Complementation and Inclusion Checking (Technical Report)

Fuente: arXiv
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Main Authors: Alexaj, Ondrej, Havlena, Vojtěch, Holík, Lukáš, Lengál, Ondřej, Li, Yong, Mazzocchi, Nicolas
Format: Preprint
Published: 2026
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author Alexaj, Ondrej
Havlena, Vojtěch
Holík, Lukáš
Lengál, Ondřej
Li, Yong
Mazzocchi, Nicolas
author_facet Alexaj, Ondrej
Havlena, Vojtěch
Holík, Lukáš
Lengál, Ondřej
Li, Yong
Mazzocchi, Nicolas
contents We present Kofola, an efficient tool for complementation and inclusion checking of Büchi automata, two central tasks in automata-theoretic verification with applications in model checking, monitoring, and theorem proving. Kofola implements a state-of-the-art modular complementation framework that decomposes the input automaton into strongly connected components and applies to each component a complementation algorithm tailored to its structural properties. Building on this modular construction, Kofola also provides modular inclusion checking with new heuristics. A key ingredient is a new on-the-fly emptiness-checking algorithm for the simple generalized Rabin pair condition produced by our complementation, allowing the search to terminate as soon as the explored state space suffices. Empirical evaluation shows that Kofola is highly competitive with state-of-the-art complementation and inclusion-checking tools: it is the most robust tool in our evaluation and often outperforms competitors by several orders of magnitude on benchmarks from practical applications.
format Preprint
id arxiv_https___arxiv_org_abs_2605_15390
institution arXiv
publishDate 2026
record_format arxiv
spellingShingle Kofola 1.0: A Modular Approach to ω-Regular Complementation and Inclusion Checking (Technical Report)
Alexaj, Ondrej
Havlena, Vojtěch
Holík, Lukáš
Lengál, Ondřej
Li, Yong
Mazzocchi, Nicolas
Logic in Computer Science
Formal Languages and Automata Theory
We present Kofola, an efficient tool for complementation and inclusion checking of Büchi automata, two central tasks in automata-theoretic verification with applications in model checking, monitoring, and theorem proving. Kofola implements a state-of-the-art modular complementation framework that decomposes the input automaton into strongly connected components and applies to each component a complementation algorithm tailored to its structural properties. Building on this modular construction, Kofola also provides modular inclusion checking with new heuristics. A key ingredient is a new on-the-fly emptiness-checking algorithm for the simple generalized Rabin pair condition produced by our complementation, allowing the search to terminate as soon as the explored state space suffices. Empirical evaluation shows that Kofola is highly competitive with state-of-the-art complementation and inclusion-checking tools: it is the most robust tool in our evaluation and often outperforms competitors by several orders of magnitude on benchmarks from practical applications.
title Kofola 1.0: A Modular Approach to ω-Regular Complementation and Inclusion Checking (Technical Report)
topic Logic in Computer Science
Formal Languages and Automata Theory
url https://arxiv.org/abs/2605.15390