Diffractive cascades for polychromatic hard X-ray focusing
Fuente:
arXiv
Gespeichert in:
| Hauptverfasser: | , , , , |
|---|---|
| Format: | Preprint |
| Veröffentlicht: |
2026
|
| Schlagworte: | |
| Online-Zugang: | |
| Tags: |
Tag hinzufügen
Keine Tags, Fügen Sie den ersten Tag hinzu!
|
| _version_ | 1866910278425247744 |
|---|---|
| author | Michaels, William Pajovic, Simo Chen, Joshua Roques-Carmes, Charles Soljačić, Marin |
| author_facet | Michaels, William Pajovic, Simo Chen, Joshua Roques-Carmes, Charles Soljačić, Marin |
| contents | Diffractive focusing of hard X-rays has traditionally required structures with large aspect ratios due to the limited interaction of most materials with X-rays. This has increased the complexity of fabricating diffractive X- ray lenses, restricting their widespread deployment. Here, we utilize topology optimization to design diffractive cascades to focus X-rays. When restricting the structures to a maximum aspect ratio of 8, a diffractive cascade can achieve a focusing efficiency of 40%, far exceeding the 3% efficiency of a zone plate with the same aspect ratio. Diffractive cascades also allow the focusing of beams with energies beyond 20 keV and bandwidths exceeding 1%, loosening the restrictions on other system components. We characterize the robustness of these cascades to alignment, fabrication, and heating perturbations, demonstrating the ability of our designs to operate under real-world conditions. Finally, we exploit the flexibility of our framework to include multiple depths in the objective function. This enables a depth of focus exceeding that of a zone plate or a cascade designed using single-plane optimization. This work demonstrates the utility of topology optimization in the X-ray regime and the possibility of advancing X-ray manipulation across a range of tasks. |
| format | Preprint |
| id |
arxiv_https___arxiv_org_abs_2605_15526 |
| institution | arXiv |
| publishDate | 2026 |
| record_format | arxiv |
| spellingShingle | Diffractive cascades for polychromatic hard X-ray focusing Michaels, William Pajovic, Simo Chen, Joshua Roques-Carmes, Charles Soljačić, Marin Optics Diffractive focusing of hard X-rays has traditionally required structures with large aspect ratios due to the limited interaction of most materials with X-rays. This has increased the complexity of fabricating diffractive X- ray lenses, restricting their widespread deployment. Here, we utilize topology optimization to design diffractive cascades to focus X-rays. When restricting the structures to a maximum aspect ratio of 8, a diffractive cascade can achieve a focusing efficiency of 40%, far exceeding the 3% efficiency of a zone plate with the same aspect ratio. Diffractive cascades also allow the focusing of beams with energies beyond 20 keV and bandwidths exceeding 1%, loosening the restrictions on other system components. We characterize the robustness of these cascades to alignment, fabrication, and heating perturbations, demonstrating the ability of our designs to operate under real-world conditions. Finally, we exploit the flexibility of our framework to include multiple depths in the objective function. This enables a depth of focus exceeding that of a zone plate or a cascade designed using single-plane optimization. This work demonstrates the utility of topology optimization in the X-ray regime and the possibility of advancing X-ray manipulation across a range of tasks. |
| title | Diffractive cascades for polychromatic hard X-ray focusing |
| topic | Optics |
| url | https://arxiv.org/abs/2605.15526 |