Keeping an Eye on AI: A Framework for Effective Human Oversight of AI Systems

Fuente: arXiv
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Autori principali: Gaube, Susanne, Langer, Markus, Miller, Tim, Baum, Kevin, Dachselt, Raimund, Feit, Anna Maria, Gadiraju, Ujwal, Kaur, Harmanpreet, Keane, Mark T., Landers, Richard, Laux, Johann, Liao, Q. Vera, Lim, Brian, Onnasch, Linda, Schrills, Tim, Sonenberg, Liz, Tan, Chenhao, Tintarev, Nava, Xiao, Ziang, Zhang, Hanwei
Natura: Preprint
Pubblicazione: 2026
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author Gaube, Susanne
Langer, Markus
Miller, Tim
Baum, Kevin
Dachselt, Raimund
Feit, Anna Maria
Gadiraju, Ujwal
Kaur, Harmanpreet
Keane, Mark T.
Landers, Richard
Laux, Johann
Liao, Q. Vera
Lim, Brian
Onnasch, Linda
Schrills, Tim
Sonenberg, Liz
Tan, Chenhao
Tintarev, Nava
Xiao, Ziang
Zhang, Hanwei
author_facet Gaube, Susanne
Langer, Markus
Miller, Tim
Baum, Kevin
Dachselt, Raimund
Feit, Anna Maria
Gadiraju, Ujwal
Kaur, Harmanpreet
Keane, Mark T.
Landers, Richard
Laux, Johann
Liao, Q. Vera
Lim, Brian
Onnasch, Linda
Schrills, Tim
Sonenberg, Liz
Tan, Chenhao
Tintarev, Nava
Xiao, Ziang
Zhang, Hanwei
contents The use of Artificial Intelligence (AI) in high-risk, decision-making scenarios presents technical, safety, and normative challenges; problems that may only be ameliorated by human oversight. However, notions of human oversight lack a common foundational understanding: oversight architectures are not well defined, the roles involved remain unclear, and implementation steps are opaque. Hence, researchers and practitioners struggle to determine how to design, implement, and evaluate systems that enable effective human oversight. This paper advances a practical framework for effective human oversight of AI systems, based on a cross-disciplinary perspective that draws on insights from computer science, human-computer interaction, psychology, philosophy, and law. The core contributions are: (1) a foundational framework, with a working definition, architecture and processes for effective human oversight of AI systems; (2) an initial template for documenting oversight architectures and processes, applied to diverse domains; and (3) a synthesis of open research challenges that need to be considered in the emerging field of effective human oversight of AI systems.
format Preprint
id arxiv_https___arxiv_org_abs_2605_16278
institution arXiv
publishDate 2026
record_format arxiv
spellingShingle Keeping an Eye on AI: A Framework for Effective Human Oversight of AI Systems
Gaube, Susanne
Langer, Markus
Miller, Tim
Baum, Kevin
Dachselt, Raimund
Feit, Anna Maria
Gadiraju, Ujwal
Kaur, Harmanpreet
Keane, Mark T.
Landers, Richard
Laux, Johann
Liao, Q. Vera
Lim, Brian
Onnasch, Linda
Schrills, Tim
Sonenberg, Liz
Tan, Chenhao
Tintarev, Nava
Xiao, Ziang
Zhang, Hanwei
Computers and Society
Artificial Intelligence
Human-Computer Interaction
The use of Artificial Intelligence (AI) in high-risk, decision-making scenarios presents technical, safety, and normative challenges; problems that may only be ameliorated by human oversight. However, notions of human oversight lack a common foundational understanding: oversight architectures are not well defined, the roles involved remain unclear, and implementation steps are opaque. Hence, researchers and practitioners struggle to determine how to design, implement, and evaluate systems that enable effective human oversight. This paper advances a practical framework for effective human oversight of AI systems, based on a cross-disciplinary perspective that draws on insights from computer science, human-computer interaction, psychology, philosophy, and law. The core contributions are: (1) a foundational framework, with a working definition, architecture and processes for effective human oversight of AI systems; (2) an initial template for documenting oversight architectures and processes, applied to diverse domains; and (3) a synthesis of open research challenges that need to be considered in the emerging field of effective human oversight of AI systems.
title Keeping an Eye on AI: A Framework for Effective Human Oversight of AI Systems
topic Computers and Society
Artificial Intelligence
Human-Computer Interaction
url https://arxiv.org/abs/2605.16278