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| Format: | Preprint |
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2026
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| Online-Zugang: | https://arxiv.org/abs/2605.17226 |
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| _version_ | 1866909052240396288 |
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| author | Iwakiri, Shuichi Miyata, Yasumitsu Mori, Takao |
| author_facet | Iwakiri, Shuichi Miyata, Yasumitsu Mori, Takao |
| contents | Temperature gradients are widely used to drive and probe transport phenomena in solids, forming the basis of heat-to-charge conversion processes. In typical experiments, local heating is introduced to generate a temperature gradient, and the resulting electrical response is detected by separate electrodes. Such measurements usually regard heating purely as a source of thermal excitation. Here, we show that heating inherently generates mechanical stress through thermal expansion, which in turn produces measurable electrical signals via electromechanical coupling. Using quartz as a model piezoelectric system, we demonstrate that heat can be converted to electrical currents via thermally generated stress. The on-chip device used in our experiment enables us to probe the anisotropy of the piezoelectric tensor through the thermally generated current, exhibiting twofold and threefold responses for X-cut and Z-cut crystals, respectively. We further show that the response can be detected in both current and voltage modes. These results reveal a thermomechanical pathway for heat-to-charge conversion and establish a general platform for electrically probing thermomechanical responses in insulating materials. |
| format | Preprint |
| id |
arxiv_https___arxiv_org_abs_2605_17226 |
| institution | arXiv |
| publishDate | 2026 |
| record_format | arxiv |
| spellingShingle | On-chip detection of anisotropic thermopolarization in quartz Iwakiri, Shuichi Miyata, Yasumitsu Mori, Takao Materials Science Temperature gradients are widely used to drive and probe transport phenomena in solids, forming the basis of heat-to-charge conversion processes. In typical experiments, local heating is introduced to generate a temperature gradient, and the resulting electrical response is detected by separate electrodes. Such measurements usually regard heating purely as a source of thermal excitation. Here, we show that heating inherently generates mechanical stress through thermal expansion, which in turn produces measurable electrical signals via electromechanical coupling. Using quartz as a model piezoelectric system, we demonstrate that heat can be converted to electrical currents via thermally generated stress. The on-chip device used in our experiment enables us to probe the anisotropy of the piezoelectric tensor through the thermally generated current, exhibiting twofold and threefold responses for X-cut and Z-cut crystals, respectively. We further show that the response can be detected in both current and voltage modes. These results reveal a thermomechanical pathway for heat-to-charge conversion and establish a general platform for electrically probing thermomechanical responses in insulating materials. |
| title | On-chip detection of anisotropic thermopolarization in quartz |
| topic | Materials Science |
| url | https://arxiv.org/abs/2605.17226 |