Photon-Atom Granularity Noise Thermometry
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arXiv
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| Main Authors: | , , , , , , , |
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| Format: | Preprint |
| Published: |
2026
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| _version_ | 1866913137797627904 |
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| author | Liu, Chen-Rong Wang, Yixuan Wang, Xiaowei Li, Chuang Zhou, Mingti Tao, Runxia Chen, Hongwei Dong, Ying |
| author_facet | Liu, Chen-Rong Wang, Yixuan Wang, Xiaowei Li, Chuang Zhou, Mingti Tao, Runxia Chen, Hongwei Dong, Ying |
| contents | We propose granularity noise thermometry (GNT), a fluctuation-based optical thermometry scheme that exploits the intrinsic fluctuations of susceptibility arising from atomic discreteness. The power spectral density of transmitted light exhibits an excess noise above the shot-noise limit that scales linearly with the photon-to-atom ratio $\mathcal{R}$. Consequently, varying the incident power (hence $\mathcal{R}$) yields the slope $\mathcal{K}$ of this linear scaling, which directly encodes the temperature. Closed-form expressions for the polarizability moments are derived via the plasma dispersion function, which yield distinct temperature scalings: $\mathcal{K}\propto P_{\mathrm{v}}(T)/T^2$ for thermal vapors and $\mathcal{K}\propto T^{2}$ for cold atoms. While practical implementation requires careful control of technical noise and system parameters, the present framework provides a noise-based pathway for optical thermometry using atomic ensembles. |
| format | Preprint |
| id |
arxiv_https___arxiv_org_abs_2605_17797 |
| institution | arXiv |
| publishDate | 2026 |
| record_format | arxiv |
| spellingShingle | Photon-Atom Granularity Noise Thermometry Liu, Chen-Rong Wang, Yixuan Wang, Xiaowei Li, Chuang Zhou, Mingti Tao, Runxia Chen, Hongwei Dong, Ying Atomic Physics Quantum Physics We propose granularity noise thermometry (GNT), a fluctuation-based optical thermometry scheme that exploits the intrinsic fluctuations of susceptibility arising from atomic discreteness. The power spectral density of transmitted light exhibits an excess noise above the shot-noise limit that scales linearly with the photon-to-atom ratio $\mathcal{R}$. Consequently, varying the incident power (hence $\mathcal{R}$) yields the slope $\mathcal{K}$ of this linear scaling, which directly encodes the temperature. Closed-form expressions for the polarizability moments are derived via the plasma dispersion function, which yield distinct temperature scalings: $\mathcal{K}\propto P_{\mathrm{v}}(T)/T^2$ for thermal vapors and $\mathcal{K}\propto T^{2}$ for cold atoms. While practical implementation requires careful control of technical noise and system parameters, the present framework provides a noise-based pathway for optical thermometry using atomic ensembles. |
| title | Photon-Atom Granularity Noise Thermometry |
| topic | Atomic Physics Quantum Physics |
| url | https://arxiv.org/abs/2605.17797 |