Measuring the complete set of spatial Schmidt modes of entangled two-photon fields
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arXiv
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| Format: | Preprint |
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2026
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| author | Prasad, Radhika Senapati, Nilakshi Bhattacharjee, Abhinandan Karan, Suman Jha, Anand K. |
| author_facet | Prasad, Radhika Senapati, Nilakshi Bhattacharjee, Abhinandan Karan, Suman Jha, Anand K. |
| contents | Spontaneous parametric down-conversion (SPDC) is the most widely-used source of high-dimensional entangled two-photon states, and the entanglement in the spatial degree of freedom is considered best suited for harnessing high-dimensional advantages. Although the Schmidt basis provides a natural choice for state characterisation of entangled two-photon states in any degree of freedom, there is currently no technique that can measure the Schmidt basis of an entangled two-photon field. The existing techniques can only reconstruct the Schmidt spectrum when the Schmidt basis is known a priori. In contrast, we present a technique that measures the complete set of spatial Schmidt modes without any prior knowledge. Using this technique, we report measurement of states with over 3000 Schmidt modes -- highest reported yet -- with up to 98$\%$ fidelity. We expect our work to significantly advance the harnessing of high-dimensional advantages in SPDC-based systems. |
| format | Preprint |
| id |
arxiv_https___arxiv_org_abs_2605_17974 |
| institution | arXiv |
| publishDate | 2026 |
| record_format | arxiv |
| spellingShingle | Measuring the complete set of spatial Schmidt modes of entangled two-photon fields Prasad, Radhika Senapati, Nilakshi Bhattacharjee, Abhinandan Karan, Suman Jha, Anand K. Quantum Physics Spontaneous parametric down-conversion (SPDC) is the most widely-used source of high-dimensional entangled two-photon states, and the entanglement in the spatial degree of freedom is considered best suited for harnessing high-dimensional advantages. Although the Schmidt basis provides a natural choice for state characterisation of entangled two-photon states in any degree of freedom, there is currently no technique that can measure the Schmidt basis of an entangled two-photon field. The existing techniques can only reconstruct the Schmidt spectrum when the Schmidt basis is known a priori. In contrast, we present a technique that measures the complete set of spatial Schmidt modes without any prior knowledge. Using this technique, we report measurement of states with over 3000 Schmidt modes -- highest reported yet -- with up to 98$\%$ fidelity. We expect our work to significantly advance the harnessing of high-dimensional advantages in SPDC-based systems. |
| title | Measuring the complete set of spatial Schmidt modes of entangled two-photon fields |
| topic | Quantum Physics |
| url | https://arxiv.org/abs/2605.17974 |