Temporal Task Diversity: Inductive Biases Under Non-Stationarity in Synthetic Sequence Modelling

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Main Authors: Aswadi, Afiq Abdillah Effiezal, Britton, Oliver, Baker, Ross, Farrugia-Roberts, Matthew
Format: Preprint
Published: 2026
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author Aswadi, Afiq Abdillah Effiezal
Britton, Oliver
Baker, Ross
Farrugia-Roberts, Matthew
author_facet Aswadi, Afiq Abdillah Effiezal
Britton, Oliver
Baker, Ross
Farrugia-Roberts, Matthew
contents Modern deep learning science often assumes that neural networks learn from a fixed data distribution. However, many practically important learning problems involve data distributions that change throughout training. How does such non-stationarity impact the inductive biases of deep learning towards models with different structural, generalisation, and safety properties? A fruitful testbed for studying inductive bias is in-context linear regression sequence modelling, where small transformers display strikingly different generalisation patterns depending on the diversity of the (fixed) training task distribution. In this paper, we explore the effect of diversifying the task distribution across training time, finding that such temporal diversity leads to an increased bias towards generalisation over memorisation.
format Preprint
id arxiv_https___arxiv_org_abs_2605_18281
institution arXiv
publishDate 2026
record_format arxiv
spellingShingle Temporal Task Diversity: Inductive Biases Under Non-Stationarity in Synthetic Sequence Modelling
Aswadi, Afiq Abdillah Effiezal
Britton, Oliver
Baker, Ross
Farrugia-Roberts, Matthew
Machine Learning
Modern deep learning science often assumes that neural networks learn from a fixed data distribution. However, many practically important learning problems involve data distributions that change throughout training. How does such non-stationarity impact the inductive biases of deep learning towards models with different structural, generalisation, and safety properties? A fruitful testbed for studying inductive bias is in-context linear regression sequence modelling, where small transformers display strikingly different generalisation patterns depending on the diversity of the (fixed) training task distribution. In this paper, we explore the effect of diversifying the task distribution across training time, finding that such temporal diversity leads to an increased bias towards generalisation over memorisation.
title Temporal Task Diversity: Inductive Biases Under Non-Stationarity in Synthetic Sequence Modelling
topic Machine Learning
url https://arxiv.org/abs/2605.18281