Saved in:
Bibliographic Details
Main Author: Kim, Danu
Format: Preprint
Published: 2026
Subjects:
Online Access:https://arxiv.org/abs/2605.19201
Tags: Add Tag
No Tags, Be the first to tag this record!
_version_ 1866917510042877952
author Kim, Danu
author_facet Kim, Danu
contents Deep learning models detect pneumonia from chest X-rays with high accuracy, but the performance declines under domain shifts caused by differences in devices, patients, or institutions. We present PneumoNet, a domain-incremental learning method for point-of-care pneumonia diagnosis in resource-limited settings. PneumoNet combines a lightweight CNN for on-device prediction, a dual-stage balanced buffer for class-balanced replay, and a dynamic class-weighted loss to correct training-batch imbalances. Evaluated on a domain-shifted PneumoniaMNIST dataset simulating five realistic domain change scenarios, PneumoNet achieves 86.6% accuracy with 1.4% forgetting while being smaller and faster than existing baselines. These results highlight PneumoNet's potential to enable adaptive, privacy-preserving diagnostic AI directly on point-of-care medical devices in real-world and pandemic-ready healthcare.
format Preprint
id arxiv_https___arxiv_org_abs_2605_19201
institution arXiv
publishDate 2026
record_format arxiv
spellingShingle On-Device Continual Learning with Dual-Stage Buffer and Dynamic Loss for Point-of-Care Pneumonia Diagnosis
Kim, Danu
Machine Learning
Artificial Intelligence
Deep learning models detect pneumonia from chest X-rays with high accuracy, but the performance declines under domain shifts caused by differences in devices, patients, or institutions. We present PneumoNet, a domain-incremental learning method for point-of-care pneumonia diagnosis in resource-limited settings. PneumoNet combines a lightweight CNN for on-device prediction, a dual-stage balanced buffer for class-balanced replay, and a dynamic class-weighted loss to correct training-batch imbalances. Evaluated on a domain-shifted PneumoniaMNIST dataset simulating five realistic domain change scenarios, PneumoNet achieves 86.6% accuracy with 1.4% forgetting while being smaller and faster than existing baselines. These results highlight PneumoNet's potential to enable adaptive, privacy-preserving diagnostic AI directly on point-of-care medical devices in real-world and pandemic-ready healthcare.
title On-Device Continual Learning with Dual-Stage Buffer and Dynamic Loss for Point-of-Care Pneumonia Diagnosis
topic Machine Learning
Artificial Intelligence
url https://arxiv.org/abs/2605.19201