Gaia21bja: pre-main sequence star with quasi-periodic bursts
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| Main Authors: | , , , , , , , , , , , , , , |
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| Format: | Preprint |
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2026
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| author | Mátéfy, Ádám Nagy, Zsófia Kóspál, Ágnes Ábrahám, Péter de Miera, Fernando Cruz-Sáenz Szilágyi, Máté Siwak, Michał Fiorellino, Eleonora Giannini, Teresa Kun, Mária Szabados, László Marton, Gábor Németh, Patrik Nisini, Brunella Szabó, Zsófia Marianna |
| author_facet | Mátéfy, Ádám Nagy, Zsófia Kóspál, Ágnes Ábrahám, Péter de Miera, Fernando Cruz-Sáenz Szilágyi, Máté Siwak, Michał Fiorellino, Eleonora Giannini, Teresa Kun, Mária Szabados, László Marton, Gábor Németh, Patrik Nisini, Brunella Szabó, Zsófia Marianna |
| contents | Gaia21bja is a Gaia alerted young stellar object (YSO) that exhibits at least seven quasi-peridoic brightenings over a 20 year-long light curve with durations of 1.5-2 years and amplitudes up to $\sim$1.7 mag in the Gaia $G$-band. We analyze its optical and near-infrared photometry and spectra taken using the IRTF and VLT in its faint and bright states in order to characterize its physical properties. A Lomb-Scargle periodogram analysis results in a most significant period of $916\pm77$ days. We derived the stellar parameters as $R_\star= 0.78 \pm 0.04~R_\odot$, $L_\star=(4.5\pm0.3) \times 10^{-2}~L_\odot$, and $M_\star= 0.16 \pm 0.03~M_\odot$. The spectra taken during the burst are dominated by emission lines and are similar to those of EX Lupi-type eruptive young stars (EXors). We found that the accretion luminosity and mass accretion rate increased by a factor of $5.5-6$ during the burst. Based on this, and the quasi-periodic bursts, we suggest that Gaia21bja is an eruptive YSO, and is most consistent with the `Periodic' category of the Outbursting YSOs Catalogue. |
| format | Preprint |
| id |
arxiv_https___arxiv_org_abs_2605_19413 |
| institution | arXiv |
| publishDate | 2026 |
| record_format | arxiv |
| spellingShingle | Gaia21bja: pre-main sequence star with quasi-periodic bursts Mátéfy, Ádám Nagy, Zsófia Kóspál, Ágnes Ábrahám, Péter de Miera, Fernando Cruz-Sáenz Szilágyi, Máté Siwak, Michał Fiorellino, Eleonora Giannini, Teresa Kun, Mária Szabados, László Marton, Gábor Németh, Patrik Nisini, Brunella Szabó, Zsófia Marianna Solar and Stellar Astrophysics Gaia21bja is a Gaia alerted young stellar object (YSO) that exhibits at least seven quasi-peridoic brightenings over a 20 year-long light curve with durations of 1.5-2 years and amplitudes up to $\sim$1.7 mag in the Gaia $G$-band. We analyze its optical and near-infrared photometry and spectra taken using the IRTF and VLT in its faint and bright states in order to characterize its physical properties. A Lomb-Scargle periodogram analysis results in a most significant period of $916\pm77$ days. We derived the stellar parameters as $R_\star= 0.78 \pm 0.04~R_\odot$, $L_\star=(4.5\pm0.3) \times 10^{-2}~L_\odot$, and $M_\star= 0.16 \pm 0.03~M_\odot$. The spectra taken during the burst are dominated by emission lines and are similar to those of EX Lupi-type eruptive young stars (EXors). We found that the accretion luminosity and mass accretion rate increased by a factor of $5.5-6$ during the burst. Based on this, and the quasi-periodic bursts, we suggest that Gaia21bja is an eruptive YSO, and is most consistent with the `Periodic' category of the Outbursting YSOs Catalogue. |
| title | Gaia21bja: pre-main sequence star with quasi-periodic bursts |
| topic | Solar and Stellar Astrophysics |
| url | https://arxiv.org/abs/2605.19413 |