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| Autori principali: | , , , , , , , , |
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| Natura: | Preprint |
| Pubblicazione: |
2026
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| Soggetti: | |
| Accesso online: | https://arxiv.org/abs/2605.19751 |
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| _version_ | 1866918511587098624 |
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| author | Janardanan, Amritha Sonmezoglu, Soner Sonedda, Stefano Zajdel, Tom J. Flewellen, James L. Lester, Meera Rad, Behzad Maharbiz, Michel M. Pilizota, Teuta |
| author_facet | Janardanan, Amritha Sonmezoglu, Soner Sonedda, Stefano Zajdel, Tom J. Flewellen, James L. Lester, Meera Rad, Behzad Maharbiz, Michel M. Pilizota, Teuta |
| contents | Bacteria sense a diverse range of environmental analytes with high sensitivity and temporal resolution. Engineering and synthetic biology approaches enabled harnessing this capability through development of whole-cell biosensors that respond to specific molecules of interest. However, converting these responses into electrical signals in real time, across different environmental conditions, in miniaturized, field-deployable microelectronic devices, remains challenging. Here we present a bioelectronic platform that directly couples engineered bacteria to an integrated circuit (IC) chip through custom on-chip microelectrodes, enabling real-time, electronic readout of analyte sensing through bacterial flagellar motor dynamics. Using non-Faradaic electrochemical impedance measurements the device resolves both the direction and speed of motor rotation with a signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) of 15 dB. The IC is further integrated with a microfluidic system that enables controlled delivery and removal of analytes, nutrients and bacteria. When combined with whole-cell biosensors engineered to detect specific analytes, this work provides a miniature, portable platform for continuous monitoring in a range of liquid environments. |
| format | Preprint |
| id |
arxiv_https___arxiv_org_abs_2605_19751 |
| institution | arXiv |
| publishDate | 2026 |
| record_format | arxiv |
| spellingShingle | Integrated Circuit Architecture for Real-Time Sensing with Embedded Microbial Whole-Cell Sensors Janardanan, Amritha Sonmezoglu, Soner Sonedda, Stefano Zajdel, Tom J. Flewellen, James L. Lester, Meera Rad, Behzad Maharbiz, Michel M. Pilizota, Teuta Applied Physics Bacteria sense a diverse range of environmental analytes with high sensitivity and temporal resolution. Engineering and synthetic biology approaches enabled harnessing this capability through development of whole-cell biosensors that respond to specific molecules of interest. However, converting these responses into electrical signals in real time, across different environmental conditions, in miniaturized, field-deployable microelectronic devices, remains challenging. Here we present a bioelectronic platform that directly couples engineered bacteria to an integrated circuit (IC) chip through custom on-chip microelectrodes, enabling real-time, electronic readout of analyte sensing through bacterial flagellar motor dynamics. Using non-Faradaic electrochemical impedance measurements the device resolves both the direction and speed of motor rotation with a signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) of 15 dB. The IC is further integrated with a microfluidic system that enables controlled delivery and removal of analytes, nutrients and bacteria. When combined with whole-cell biosensors engineered to detect specific analytes, this work provides a miniature, portable platform for continuous monitoring in a range of liquid environments. |
| title | Integrated Circuit Architecture for Real-Time Sensing with Embedded Microbial Whole-Cell Sensors |
| topic | Applied Physics |
| url | https://arxiv.org/abs/2605.19751 |