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| Main Authors: | , , |
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| Format: | Preprint |
| Published: |
2026
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| Subjects: | |
| Online Access: | https://arxiv.org/abs/2605.20232 |
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| _version_ | 1866916073637412864 |
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| author | Martini, Simone Kunwar, Dipesh Eisa, Sameh A. |
| author_facet | Martini, Simone Kunwar, Dipesh Eisa, Sameh A. |
| contents | In this letter, we reveal a universal, very simple extremum seeking natural feedback law and mechanism that governs, adapts, and generates in real-time, optimized lift variations for successful energy gain flight in presence of wind shear. The introduced law/mechanism, which is computationally minimal and needs only sensory information of the wind or local energy rate (i.e., model-free and data-driven) is able to characterize and replicate dynamic soaring optimized flight physics of windward climb in real-time for a variety of soaring birds species, namely wandering albatross, black-browed albatross and grey-headed albatross. We confirm the effectiveness of this new simple, real-time law by successful comparisons with sophisticated non-real-time optimal control solver and reported biological data. Our results establish the proposed mechanism as a new paradigm in soaring flight physics. That is, our results substantially advance the computational physics/biology aspects of the problem while providing a biologically plausible theory for avian soaring behavior. |
| format | Preprint |
| id |
arxiv_https___arxiv_org_abs_2605_20232 |
| institution | arXiv |
| publishDate | 2026 |
| record_format | arxiv |
| spellingShingle | Universal Extremum Seeking Mechanism for Lift Variation in Soaring Birds Flight: A New Paradigm in Computational Physics and Biology Martini, Simone Kunwar, Dipesh Eisa, Sameh A. Biological Physics Optimization and Control In this letter, we reveal a universal, very simple extremum seeking natural feedback law and mechanism that governs, adapts, and generates in real-time, optimized lift variations for successful energy gain flight in presence of wind shear. The introduced law/mechanism, which is computationally minimal and needs only sensory information of the wind or local energy rate (i.e., model-free and data-driven) is able to characterize and replicate dynamic soaring optimized flight physics of windward climb in real-time for a variety of soaring birds species, namely wandering albatross, black-browed albatross and grey-headed albatross. We confirm the effectiveness of this new simple, real-time law by successful comparisons with sophisticated non-real-time optimal control solver and reported biological data. Our results establish the proposed mechanism as a new paradigm in soaring flight physics. That is, our results substantially advance the computational physics/biology aspects of the problem while providing a biologically plausible theory for avian soaring behavior. |
| title | Universal Extremum Seeking Mechanism for Lift Variation in Soaring Birds Flight: A New Paradigm in Computational Physics and Biology |
| topic | Biological Physics Optimization and Control |
| url | https://arxiv.org/abs/2605.20232 |