An explicit lower bound for the unit distance problem

Fuente: arXiv
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Autore principale: Sawin, Will
Natura: Preprint
Pubblicazione: 2026
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author Sawin, Will
author_facet Sawin, Will
contents We show that there are sets of $n$ points in the plane with $n$ arbitrarily large that contain more than $n^{1.014}$ pairs of points separated by a distance exactly $1$. This improves on very recent work of a team at OpenAI, who proved the same result with an inexplicit exponent greater than $1$, drastically improving on the best previous lower bound and disproving a conjecture of Erdős. The method is number-theoretic, relying on constructing algebraic number fields of large degree and small discriminant with many primes of small norm via a Golod-Shafarevich criterion argument.
format Preprint
id arxiv_https___arxiv_org_abs_2605_20579
institution arXiv
publishDate 2026
record_format arxiv
spellingShingle An explicit lower bound for the unit distance problem
Sawin, Will
Combinatorics
Metric Geometry
Number Theory
We show that there are sets of $n$ points in the plane with $n$ arbitrarily large that contain more than $n^{1.014}$ pairs of points separated by a distance exactly $1$. This improves on very recent work of a team at OpenAI, who proved the same result with an inexplicit exponent greater than $1$, drastically improving on the best previous lower bound and disproving a conjecture of Erdős. The method is number-theoretic, relying on constructing algebraic number fields of large degree and small discriminant with many primes of small norm via a Golod-Shafarevich criterion argument.
title An explicit lower bound for the unit distance problem
topic Combinatorics
Metric Geometry
Number Theory
url https://arxiv.org/abs/2605.20579