Towards compact high-frequency nonreciprocal devices using nanoplasma-switched time-varying metasurfaces
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| Main Authors: | , , , , , |
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| Format: | Preprint |
| Published: |
2026
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| _version_ | 1866916030955126784 |
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| author | Sidorenko, Mikhail Zhang, Jin Wang, Xuchen Sun, Zhipei Tretyakov, Sergei Asadchy, Viktar |
| author_facet | Sidorenko, Mikhail Zhang, Jin Wang, Xuchen Sun, Zhipei Tretyakov, Sergei Asadchy, Viktar |
| contents | Time-modulated systems have received growing interest in recent years. They allow us to tailor effects, such as frequency conversion, single-direction propagation, etc. For the microwave band, semiconductor elements, such as varactors, are usually used as time-modulated elements but their modulation frequency has been limited to the few-gigahertz range. Recent advances in nanoplasma switches, i.e., two-state electronic switches based on a gas discharge in a nanometer-scale gap, provide a new potential for developing time-modulated systems with high operating frequencies. Here, we develop an analytical framework based on the time-Floquet method for the design of nonreciprocal time-modulated devices based on two-state time-modulated elements, for instance, nanoplasma-based switches. A practical example of a microwave isolator operating at 100~GHz frequency is developed and studied both analytically and using full-wave simulations. A potential realization in a parallel-plate waveguide is also simulated numerically. |
| format | Preprint |
| id |
arxiv_https___arxiv_org_abs_2605_20836 |
| institution | arXiv |
| publishDate | 2026 |
| record_format | arxiv |
| spellingShingle | Towards compact high-frequency nonreciprocal devices using nanoplasma-switched time-varying metasurfaces Sidorenko, Mikhail Zhang, Jin Wang, Xuchen Sun, Zhipei Tretyakov, Sergei Asadchy, Viktar Optics Time-modulated systems have received growing interest in recent years. They allow us to tailor effects, such as frequency conversion, single-direction propagation, etc. For the microwave band, semiconductor elements, such as varactors, are usually used as time-modulated elements but their modulation frequency has been limited to the few-gigahertz range. Recent advances in nanoplasma switches, i.e., two-state electronic switches based on a gas discharge in a nanometer-scale gap, provide a new potential for developing time-modulated systems with high operating frequencies. Here, we develop an analytical framework based on the time-Floquet method for the design of nonreciprocal time-modulated devices based on two-state time-modulated elements, for instance, nanoplasma-based switches. A practical example of a microwave isolator operating at 100~GHz frequency is developed and studied both analytically and using full-wave simulations. A potential realization in a parallel-plate waveguide is also simulated numerically. |
| title | Towards compact high-frequency nonreciprocal devices using nanoplasma-switched time-varying metasurfaces |
| topic | Optics |
| url | https://arxiv.org/abs/2605.20836 |