Saved in:
Bibliographic Details
Main Authors: Luo, Yihang, Chen, Jun, Xiao, Chao, Wang, Yingqian, Li, Zhaoxu, Ling, Qiang, He, Xu, Chen, Nuo, Guo, Gaowei, Li, Hongge, Li, Miao, Wang, Longguang, Guo, Yulan, Liu, Li, An, Wei, Chen, Zhijie
Format: Preprint
Published: 2026
Subjects:
Online Access:https://arxiv.org/abs/2605.20963
Tags: Add Tag
No Tags, Be the first to tag this record!
_version_ 1866910240001228800
author Luo, Yihang
Chen, Jun
Xiao, Chao
Wang, Yingqian
Li, Zhaoxu
Ling, Qiang
He, Xu
Chen, Nuo
Guo, Gaowei
Li, Hongge
Li, Miao
Wang, Longguang
Guo, Yulan
Liu, Li
An, Wei
Chen, Zhijie
author_facet Luo, Yihang
Chen, Jun
Xiao, Chao
Wang, Yingqian
Li, Zhaoxu
Ling, Qiang
He, Xu
Chen, Nuo
Guo, Gaowei
Li, Hongge
Li, Miao
Wang, Longguang
Guo, Yulan
Liu, Li
An, Wei
Chen, Zhijie
contents The proliferation of unmanned aerial vehicles (UAVs) has created urgent demand for precise UAV monitoring. Existing RGB-based systems rely on spatial cues that degrade at small scales, particularly with high inter-type similarity, target-clutter ambiguity, and low contrast. Multispectral imaging (MSI) encodes material-aware spectral signatures, yet MSI-based fine-grained small-UAV detection remains underexplored due to lack of dedicated datasets. We introduce UAVNet-MS, the first multispectral dataset for fine-grained small-UAV detection, comprising 15,618 temporally synchronized RGB-MSI data cubes (1440x1080) with bounding box annotations. The dataset features challenging small objects (93.7% <= 32^2 pixels, average 18^2 pixels, ~0.02% image area) under low contrast. We propose MFDNet, a dual-stream baseline addressing array-induced parallax and spatial-spectral fusion. Extensive evaluation under RGB-only, MSI-only, and RGB+MSI protocols against 20 detectors shows MFDNet achieves +6.2% AP50 improvement over best RGB-only methods, demonstrating spectral cues provide complementary material evidence beyond spatial cues. This work provides foundational dataset, strong baseline, and benchmark for multispectral UAV monitoring research.
format Preprint
id arxiv_https___arxiv_org_abs_2605_20963
institution arXiv
publishDate 2026
record_format arxiv
spellingShingle Towards UAV Detection in the Real World: A New Multispectral Dataset UAVNet-MS and a New Method
Luo, Yihang
Chen, Jun
Xiao, Chao
Wang, Yingqian
Li, Zhaoxu
Ling, Qiang
He, Xu
Chen, Nuo
Guo, Gaowei
Li, Hongge
Li, Miao
Wang, Longguang
Guo, Yulan
Liu, Li
An, Wei
Chen, Zhijie
Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition
The proliferation of unmanned aerial vehicles (UAVs) has created urgent demand for precise UAV monitoring. Existing RGB-based systems rely on spatial cues that degrade at small scales, particularly with high inter-type similarity, target-clutter ambiguity, and low contrast. Multispectral imaging (MSI) encodes material-aware spectral signatures, yet MSI-based fine-grained small-UAV detection remains underexplored due to lack of dedicated datasets. We introduce UAVNet-MS, the first multispectral dataset for fine-grained small-UAV detection, comprising 15,618 temporally synchronized RGB-MSI data cubes (1440x1080) with bounding box annotations. The dataset features challenging small objects (93.7% <= 32^2 pixels, average 18^2 pixels, ~0.02% image area) under low contrast. We propose MFDNet, a dual-stream baseline addressing array-induced parallax and spatial-spectral fusion. Extensive evaluation under RGB-only, MSI-only, and RGB+MSI protocols against 20 detectors shows MFDNet achieves +6.2% AP50 improvement over best RGB-only methods, demonstrating spectral cues provide complementary material evidence beyond spatial cues. This work provides foundational dataset, strong baseline, and benchmark for multispectral UAV monitoring research.
title Towards UAV Detection in the Real World: A New Multispectral Dataset UAVNet-MS and a New Method
topic Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition
url https://arxiv.org/abs/2605.20963