Salvato in:
Dettagli Bibliografici
Autori principali: Huang, Benhao, Geng, Zhengyang, Kolter, Zico
Natura: Preprint
Pubblicazione: 2026
Soggetti:
Accesso online:https://arxiv.org/abs/2605.21488
Tags: Aggiungi Tag
Nessun Tag, puoi essere il primo ad aggiungerne!!
_version_ 1866913150275682304
author Huang, Benhao
Geng, Zhengyang
Kolter, Zico
author_facet Huang, Benhao
Geng, Zhengyang
Kolter, Zico
contents Scaling test-time compute by iteratively updating a latent state has emerged as a powerful paradigm for reasoning. Yet the internal mechanisms that enable these iterative models to generalize beyond memorized patterns remain unclear. We hypothesize that generalizable reasoning arises from learning task-conditioned attractors: latent dynamical systems whose stable fixed points correspond to valid solutions. We formalize this process through Equilibrium Reasoners (EqR), which enable test-time scaling without external verifiers or task-specific priors. EqR scales internal dynamics along two axes: depth, by running more iterations, and breadth, by aggregating stochastic trajectories from multiple initializations. Empirically, gains from test-time scaling are tightly coupled with stronger convergence toward solution-aligned attractors. This attractor perspective allows neural networks to adaptively allocate test-time compute based on task difficulty. While simple cases converge within 1 to 5 iteration steps, harder cases benefit from massive test-time scaling. By unrolling up to the equivalent of 40,000 layers, scalable latent reasoning boosts accuracy from 2.6% for feedforward models to over 99% on Sudoku-Extreme. These results suggest that learned attractor landscapes provide a useful mechanistic lens for understanding scalable reasoning in iterative latent models.
format Preprint
id arxiv_https___arxiv_org_abs_2605_21488
institution arXiv
publishDate 2026
record_format arxiv
spellingShingle Equilibrium Reasoners: Learning Attractors Enables Scalable Reasoning
Huang, Benhao
Geng, Zhengyang
Kolter, Zico
Machine Learning
Scaling test-time compute by iteratively updating a latent state has emerged as a powerful paradigm for reasoning. Yet the internal mechanisms that enable these iterative models to generalize beyond memorized patterns remain unclear. We hypothesize that generalizable reasoning arises from learning task-conditioned attractors: latent dynamical systems whose stable fixed points correspond to valid solutions. We formalize this process through Equilibrium Reasoners (EqR), which enable test-time scaling without external verifiers or task-specific priors. EqR scales internal dynamics along two axes: depth, by running more iterations, and breadth, by aggregating stochastic trajectories from multiple initializations. Empirically, gains from test-time scaling are tightly coupled with stronger convergence toward solution-aligned attractors. This attractor perspective allows neural networks to adaptively allocate test-time compute based on task difficulty. While simple cases converge within 1 to 5 iteration steps, harder cases benefit from massive test-time scaling. By unrolling up to the equivalent of 40,000 layers, scalable latent reasoning boosts accuracy from 2.6% for feedforward models to over 99% on Sudoku-Extreme. These results suggest that learned attractor landscapes provide a useful mechanistic lens for understanding scalable reasoning in iterative latent models.
title Equilibrium Reasoners: Learning Attractors Enables Scalable Reasoning
topic Machine Learning
url https://arxiv.org/abs/2605.21488