Argo: Efficient Importance Labeling for Enterprise Email Systems

Fuente: arXiv
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Main Authors: Ray, Siddhant, Ananthanarayanan, Ganesh, Chian, Kevin, Guo, Yan, Hill, Cristina St, Stokes, Jack W., Wang, Victor, Jiang, Junchen
Format: Preprint
Published: 2026
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author Ray, Siddhant
Ananthanarayanan, Ganesh
Chian, Kevin
Guo, Yan
Hill, Cristina St
Stokes, Jack W.
Wang, Victor
Jiang, Junchen
author_facet Ray, Siddhant
Ananthanarayanan, Ganesh
Chian, Kevin
Guo, Yan
Hill, Cristina St
Stokes, Jack W.
Wang, Victor
Jiang, Junchen
contents Email importance labeling has long been a critical yet challenging problem for businesses and individuals. Traditional approaches; such as keyword matching, user-defined rules, and sender-based heuristics; demand extensive manual feature engineering and fail to scale effectively or generalize. Recent advances in large language models (LLMs) demonstrate strong potential and a natural fit for this task, offering deep contextual understanding and superior labeling quality. However, using LLM models like GPT-4.1 at enterprise email volumes incurs prohibitive computational costs and hinders real-world deployment. We explore the trade-off space of using alternative labeling schemes as opposed to GPT4.1 scale LLMs, with the goal of achieving near GPT level labeling quality with significantly lower cost. We develop Argo, an enterprise email labeling framework, where we construct a profiler to efficiently search the cost quality trade-off space of labeling and identify cost-efficient alternatives to labeling emails. Additionally, we design an on-demand provisioning scheme to intelligently scale Argo with real time load, to minimize cost increases during peak load inference. Over 3 open-source email datasets, Argo achieves 148-167X inference cost reduction with negligible quality degradation and 20-640000X lower profiling costs, making large-scale, context-aware email labeling practical for enterprises.
format Preprint
id arxiv_https___arxiv_org_abs_2605_21604
institution arXiv
publishDate 2026
record_format arxiv
spellingShingle Argo: Efficient Importance Labeling for Enterprise Email Systems
Ray, Siddhant
Ananthanarayanan, Ganesh
Chian, Kevin
Guo, Yan
Hill, Cristina St
Stokes, Jack W.
Wang, Victor
Jiang, Junchen
Multiagent Systems
Email importance labeling has long been a critical yet challenging problem for businesses and individuals. Traditional approaches; such as keyword matching, user-defined rules, and sender-based heuristics; demand extensive manual feature engineering and fail to scale effectively or generalize. Recent advances in large language models (LLMs) demonstrate strong potential and a natural fit for this task, offering deep contextual understanding and superior labeling quality. However, using LLM models like GPT-4.1 at enterprise email volumes incurs prohibitive computational costs and hinders real-world deployment. We explore the trade-off space of using alternative labeling schemes as opposed to GPT4.1 scale LLMs, with the goal of achieving near GPT level labeling quality with significantly lower cost. We develop Argo, an enterprise email labeling framework, where we construct a profiler to efficiently search the cost quality trade-off space of labeling and identify cost-efficient alternatives to labeling emails. Additionally, we design an on-demand provisioning scheme to intelligently scale Argo with real time load, to minimize cost increases during peak load inference. Over 3 open-source email datasets, Argo achieves 148-167X inference cost reduction with negligible quality degradation and 20-640000X lower profiling costs, making large-scale, context-aware email labeling practical for enterprises.
title Argo: Efficient Importance Labeling for Enterprise Email Systems
topic Multiagent Systems
url https://arxiv.org/abs/2605.21604