Gravitational Field of a Rotating Mass on an Expanding Universe

Fuente: arXiv
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Main Author: Peña, Antonio Peña
Format: Preprint
Published: 2026
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author Peña, Antonio Peña
author_facet Peña, Antonio Peña
contents We present a new exact solution to Einstein's field equations that unifies the Kerr black hole with Friedmann-Lemaître-Robertson-Walker cosmology. This metric reduces to Kerr-de Sitter in the appropriate limit and accounts for cosmological expansion dynamics both inside and outside the black hole. The model predicts a stationary mass, as well as a contracting ergosphere and event horizon with respect to the expanding cosmic rest frame. This result correctly generalises the McVittie metric to rotating masses or Kerr-de Sitter to arbitrary scale factors $a(t)$. Additionally, we find that the ergosphere tends to fade away with respect to the universe's expansion and no further interactions of dark energy with respect to the black hole's rotation.
format Preprint
id arxiv_https___arxiv_org_abs_2605_22895
institution arXiv
publishDate 2026
record_format arxiv
spellingShingle Gravitational Field of a Rotating Mass on an Expanding Universe
Peña, Antonio Peña
General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology
Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics
We present a new exact solution to Einstein's field equations that unifies the Kerr black hole with Friedmann-Lemaître-Robertson-Walker cosmology. This metric reduces to Kerr-de Sitter in the appropriate limit and accounts for cosmological expansion dynamics both inside and outside the black hole. The model predicts a stationary mass, as well as a contracting ergosphere and event horizon with respect to the expanding cosmic rest frame. This result correctly generalises the McVittie metric to rotating masses or Kerr-de Sitter to arbitrary scale factors $a(t)$. Additionally, we find that the ergosphere tends to fade away with respect to the universe's expansion and no further interactions of dark energy with respect to the black hole's rotation.
title Gravitational Field of a Rotating Mass on an Expanding Universe
topic General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology
Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics
url https://arxiv.org/abs/2605.22895