Observation of Entanglement Enabled Spin-Interference in the Drell-Söding Process in Au+Au Ultraperipheral Collisions at RHIC
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arXiv
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| Format: | Preprint |
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2026
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| _version_ | 1866911709054107648 |
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| author | The STAR Collaboration |
| author_facet | The STAR Collaboration |
| contents | We report a measurement of the Drell-Söding $π^+ π^-$ production in Au + Au ultraperipheral collisions at a center-of-mass energy per nucleon pair $\sqrt{s_{NN}} = 200~\mathrm{GeV}$ using the STAR detector. For the first time, the Entanglement Enabled Spin-Interference (EESI) effect is observed in the Drell-Söding process through the amplitude $A_{2Δϕ}$ of the $\cos(2Δϕ)$ modulation. The measured $A_{2Δϕ}$ exhibits no significant dependence on the invariant mass $M_{π^+ π^-}$. An enhancement of three standard deviations is observed for the Drell-Söding process compared to $ρ^0$ photoproduction. Furthermore, we measure the $|t|$-dependence of the Drell-Söding process and $ρ^0$ photoproduction. The Drell-Söding spectrum falls more steeply with $|t|$ and exhibits diffractive structures shifted to lower $|t|$ compared to $ρ^0$ photoproduction, features that are not captured by theoretical calculations. These results provide new insights into the interplay between quantum interference and photon-nuclear interactions in ultra-peripheral heavy-ion collisions. |
| format | Preprint |
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arxiv_https___arxiv_org_abs_2605_23615 |
| institution | arXiv |
| publishDate | 2026 |
| record_format | arxiv |
| spellingShingle | Observation of Entanglement Enabled Spin-Interference in the Drell-Söding Process in Au+Au Ultraperipheral Collisions at RHIC The STAR Collaboration Nuclear Experiment Nuclear Theory We report a measurement of the Drell-Söding $π^+ π^-$ production in Au + Au ultraperipheral collisions at a center-of-mass energy per nucleon pair $\sqrt{s_{NN}} = 200~\mathrm{GeV}$ using the STAR detector. For the first time, the Entanglement Enabled Spin-Interference (EESI) effect is observed in the Drell-Söding process through the amplitude $A_{2Δϕ}$ of the $\cos(2Δϕ)$ modulation. The measured $A_{2Δϕ}$ exhibits no significant dependence on the invariant mass $M_{π^+ π^-}$. An enhancement of three standard deviations is observed for the Drell-Söding process compared to $ρ^0$ photoproduction. Furthermore, we measure the $|t|$-dependence of the Drell-Söding process and $ρ^0$ photoproduction. The Drell-Söding spectrum falls more steeply with $|t|$ and exhibits diffractive structures shifted to lower $|t|$ compared to $ρ^0$ photoproduction, features that are not captured by theoretical calculations. These results provide new insights into the interplay between quantum interference and photon-nuclear interactions in ultra-peripheral heavy-ion collisions. |
| title | Observation of Entanglement Enabled Spin-Interference in the Drell-Söding Process in Au+Au Ultraperipheral Collisions at RHIC |
| topic | Nuclear Experiment Nuclear Theory |
| url | https://arxiv.org/abs/2605.23615 |