Stacked Intelligent Metasurfaces (SIM) in the Nonlinear Regime: A Multiport Network Model Approach

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Hauptverfasser: Abrardo, Andrea, Toccafondi, Alberto
Format: Preprint
Veröffentlicht: 2026
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author Abrardo, Andrea
Toccafondi, Alberto
author_facet Abrardo, Andrea
Toccafondi, Alberto
contents We present a physically consistent multiport framework for stacked intelligent metasurfaces (SIMs) with linear and explicit nonlinear terminations. The model provides closed-form input--output relations in the linear case and fixed-point forward evaluation in the nonlinear case, with adjoint-based gradients for optimization in both settings. Under stage-isolated SIM structure, complexity remains $\mathcal{O}(QK^3)$. In a 28 GHz near-field localization case study, nonlinear terminations improve transfer-function matching and reduce mean localization error, close to the ideal benchmark.
format Preprint
id arxiv_https___arxiv_org_abs_2605_23713
institution arXiv
publishDate 2026
record_format arxiv
spellingShingle Stacked Intelligent Metasurfaces (SIM) in the Nonlinear Regime: A Multiport Network Model Approach
Abrardo, Andrea
Toccafondi, Alberto
Signal Processing
94A12
We present a physically consistent multiport framework for stacked intelligent metasurfaces (SIMs) with linear and explicit nonlinear terminations. The model provides closed-form input--output relations in the linear case and fixed-point forward evaluation in the nonlinear case, with adjoint-based gradients for optimization in both settings. Under stage-isolated SIM structure, complexity remains $\mathcal{O}(QK^3)$. In a 28 GHz near-field localization case study, nonlinear terminations improve transfer-function matching and reduce mean localization error, close to the ideal benchmark.
title Stacked Intelligent Metasurfaces (SIM) in the Nonlinear Regime: A Multiport Network Model Approach
topic Signal Processing
94A12
url https://arxiv.org/abs/2605.23713