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| Main Authors: | , , , |
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| Format: | Preprint |
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2026
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| Online Access: | https://arxiv.org/abs/2605.24075 |
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| _version_ | 1866916040762458112 |
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| author | Müller, Nicolás Pablo Skrbek, Ladislav Sergeev, Yuri A. Krstulovic, Giorgio |
| author_facet | Müller, Nicolás Pablo Skrbek, Ladislav Sergeev, Yuri A. Krstulovic, Giorgio |
| contents | In the framework of generalized, nonlocal Gross-Pitaevskii (GP) model, we study numerically the pressure- and size-dependent mechanisms of roton emission and vortex nucleation by objects moving in superfluid $^4$He. As far as the authors are aware, this is the first attempt to analyze the pressure dependence of these mechanisms and the associated critical velocities within a single theoretical framework. For each of several pressures in the range from 0 to the solidification pressure of $\approx25$~bar, we chose the parameters of the interatomic interaction potential such that the resulting excitation spectrum for the generalized, nonlocal GP equation approximates fairly accurately the pressure-dependent dispersion curve determined experimentally by Godfrin \textit{et al.}, Phys. Rev. B \textbf{103}, 104516 (2021). In the two-dimensional approximation, for circular obstacles (disks) moving in quiescent $^4$He, we calculated two critical velocities -- one corresponding to the roton emission and the other to the nucleation of quantized vortices -- as functions of pressure and the obstacle's size. We also comment briefly on three-dimensional simulations of the roton emission and vortex nucleation by moving spherical obstacles. |
| format | Preprint |
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arxiv_https___arxiv_org_abs_2605_24075 |
| institution | arXiv |
| publishDate | 2026 |
| record_format | arxiv |
| spellingShingle | Pressure and Size Dependence of Roton Emission and Vortex Creation by Moving Objects in He~II in $T \to 0$ Limit: Generalized Nonlocal Gross-Pitaevskii Model Müller, Nicolás Pablo Skrbek, Ladislav Sergeev, Yuri A. Krstulovic, Giorgio Quantum Gases In the framework of generalized, nonlocal Gross-Pitaevskii (GP) model, we study numerically the pressure- and size-dependent mechanisms of roton emission and vortex nucleation by objects moving in superfluid $^4$He. As far as the authors are aware, this is the first attempt to analyze the pressure dependence of these mechanisms and the associated critical velocities within a single theoretical framework. For each of several pressures in the range from 0 to the solidification pressure of $\approx25$~bar, we chose the parameters of the interatomic interaction potential such that the resulting excitation spectrum for the generalized, nonlocal GP equation approximates fairly accurately the pressure-dependent dispersion curve determined experimentally by Godfrin \textit{et al.}, Phys. Rev. B \textbf{103}, 104516 (2021). In the two-dimensional approximation, for circular obstacles (disks) moving in quiescent $^4$He, we calculated two critical velocities -- one corresponding to the roton emission and the other to the nucleation of quantized vortices -- as functions of pressure and the obstacle's size. We also comment briefly on three-dimensional simulations of the roton emission and vortex nucleation by moving spherical obstacles. |
| title | Pressure and Size Dependence of Roton Emission and Vortex Creation by Moving Objects in He~II in $T \to 0$ Limit: Generalized Nonlocal Gross-Pitaevskii Model |
| topic | Quantum Gases |
| url | https://arxiv.org/abs/2605.24075 |