Charge density wave in a band insulator
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arXiv
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| Autori principali: | , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , |
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| Natura: | Preprint |
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2026
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| _version_ | 1866916040952250368 |
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| author | Hossain, Md Shafayat Liu, Wenhao Zhang, Yuqi Zhang, Qi Lei, Chao Shumiya, Nana Dagnino, Kouta Litskevich, Maksim Jiang, Yu-Xiao Yin, Jia-Xin Dhale, Nikhil Cheng, Zi-Jia Kim, Byunghoon Li, Yongkai Cochran, Tyler A. Yang, Xian P. Zhang, Fan Yao, Yugui Wang, Zhiwei Lv, Bing Neupert, Titus Balicas, Luis Hasan, M. Zahid |
| author_facet | Hossain, Md Shafayat Liu, Wenhao Zhang, Yuqi Zhang, Qi Lei, Chao Shumiya, Nana Dagnino, Kouta Litskevich, Maksim Jiang, Yu-Xiao Yin, Jia-Xin Dhale, Nikhil Cheng, Zi-Jia Kim, Byunghoon Li, Yongkai Cochran, Tyler A. Yang, Xian P. Zhang, Fan Yao, Yugui Wang, Zhiwei Lv, Bing Neupert, Titus Balicas, Luis Hasan, M. Zahid |
| contents | Charge density wave (CDW) implies a periodic modulation of the charge density. Typically observed in metallic systems, CDWs arise from Fermi surface instabilities, resulting in the total or partial gapping of the Fermi surface. Here, we present experimental evidence for a CDW state emerging in a band insulator which has no Fermi surface. The bulk and surface of our material platform, Bi4Br4, is gapped over the entire Brillouin zone. Through topographic and spectroscopic imaging at low temperatures, we unveil an unexpected unidirectional charge modulation in Bi4Br4, breaking the lattice translation symmetry. The CDW develops at temperatures below 40 K and adds an energy gap atop the existing insulating gap of Bi4Br4. Furthermore, our transport measurements reveal nonlinear electrical conduction, a phenomenon conventionally associated with the sliding or phason mode of incommensurate CDWs. These highly unusual observations represent a new type of CDW and demand a new theoretical framework for CDWs. |
| format | Preprint |
| id |
arxiv_https___arxiv_org_abs_2605_24153 |
| institution | arXiv |
| publishDate | 2026 |
| record_format | arxiv |
| spellingShingle | Charge density wave in a band insulator Hossain, Md Shafayat Liu, Wenhao Zhang, Yuqi Zhang, Qi Lei, Chao Shumiya, Nana Dagnino, Kouta Litskevich, Maksim Jiang, Yu-Xiao Yin, Jia-Xin Dhale, Nikhil Cheng, Zi-Jia Kim, Byunghoon Li, Yongkai Cochran, Tyler A. Yang, Xian P. Zhang, Fan Yao, Yugui Wang, Zhiwei Lv, Bing Neupert, Titus Balicas, Luis Hasan, M. Zahid Strongly Correlated Electrons Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics Materials Science Applied Physics Charge density wave (CDW) implies a periodic modulation of the charge density. Typically observed in metallic systems, CDWs arise from Fermi surface instabilities, resulting in the total or partial gapping of the Fermi surface. Here, we present experimental evidence for a CDW state emerging in a band insulator which has no Fermi surface. The bulk and surface of our material platform, Bi4Br4, is gapped over the entire Brillouin zone. Through topographic and spectroscopic imaging at low temperatures, we unveil an unexpected unidirectional charge modulation in Bi4Br4, breaking the lattice translation symmetry. The CDW develops at temperatures below 40 K and adds an energy gap atop the existing insulating gap of Bi4Br4. Furthermore, our transport measurements reveal nonlinear electrical conduction, a phenomenon conventionally associated with the sliding or phason mode of incommensurate CDWs. These highly unusual observations represent a new type of CDW and demand a new theoretical framework for CDWs. |
| title | Charge density wave in a band insulator |
| topic | Strongly Correlated Electrons Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics Materials Science Applied Physics |
| url | https://arxiv.org/abs/2605.24153 |