DemoEvolve: Overcoming Sparse Feedback in Agentic Harness Evolution with Demonstrations

Fuente: arXiv
Saved in:
Bibliographic Details
Main Authors: Che, Lirong, yang, Yuzhe, lin, Peiwen, wang, Chuang, wang, Xueqian, su, Jian
Format: Preprint
Published: 2026
Subjects:
Online Access:
Tags: Add Tag
No Tags, Be the first to tag this record!
_version_ 1866918519905452032
author Che, Lirong
yang, Yuzhe
lin, Peiwen
wang, Chuang
wang, Xueqian
su, Jian
author_facet Che, Lirong
yang, Yuzhe
lin, Peiwen
wang, Chuang
wang, Xueqian
su, Jian
contents Agent harness evolution improves frozen language-model agents by modifying the executable structures around them. We study this paradigm as a form of sample-efficient fast adaptation: instead of updating model weights, an agent can acquire task-specific competence by changing its external harness, while leaving the base model's general capabilities intact. Prior work shows that self-generated rollouts can support harness search, suggesting that agents may acquire new task competence through practice. Yet in long-horizon stochastic environments, self-practice becomes fragile: rewards are sparse, outcomes are high-variance, and failures are hard to attribute to concrete harness mechanisms. We introduce DemoEvolve, a demonstration-bootstrapped approach to harness evolution. When reward-only search is too broad and noisy, competent human trajectories serve as expert reference experience for the coding proposer, guiding harness-level diagnosis and editing. Experiments on Liar's Dice show that self-rollout evolution can work when episodes are short and failures are attributable. In contrast, Balatro exposes a harder long-horizon stochastic regime, where self-rollout evolution is misled by sparse feedback and candidate-selection noise, while tutorial-like textual knowledge alone does not yield stable improvement. Under the same limited budget, DemoEvolve produces more effective and auditable harness edits and achieves better performance. Overall, demonstrations make sparse-feedback harness evolution more diagnosable, localizable, and stable.
format Preprint
id arxiv_https___arxiv_org_abs_2605_24539
institution arXiv
publishDate 2026
record_format arxiv
spellingShingle DemoEvolve: Overcoming Sparse Feedback in Agentic Harness Evolution with Demonstrations
Che, Lirong
yang, Yuzhe
lin, Peiwen
wang, Chuang
wang, Xueqian
su, Jian
Artificial Intelligence
Agent harness evolution improves frozen language-model agents by modifying the executable structures around them. We study this paradigm as a form of sample-efficient fast adaptation: instead of updating model weights, an agent can acquire task-specific competence by changing its external harness, while leaving the base model's general capabilities intact. Prior work shows that self-generated rollouts can support harness search, suggesting that agents may acquire new task competence through practice. Yet in long-horizon stochastic environments, self-practice becomes fragile: rewards are sparse, outcomes are high-variance, and failures are hard to attribute to concrete harness mechanisms. We introduce DemoEvolve, a demonstration-bootstrapped approach to harness evolution. When reward-only search is too broad and noisy, competent human trajectories serve as expert reference experience for the coding proposer, guiding harness-level diagnosis and editing. Experiments on Liar's Dice show that self-rollout evolution can work when episodes are short and failures are attributable. In contrast, Balatro exposes a harder long-horizon stochastic regime, where self-rollout evolution is misled by sparse feedback and candidate-selection noise, while tutorial-like textual knowledge alone does not yield stable improvement. Under the same limited budget, DemoEvolve produces more effective and auditable harness edits and achieves better performance. Overall, demonstrations make sparse-feedback harness evolution more diagnosable, localizable, and stable.
title DemoEvolve: Overcoming Sparse Feedback in Agentic Harness Evolution with Demonstrations
topic Artificial Intelligence
url https://arxiv.org/abs/2605.24539