Dispersive readout of cavity-coupled solid-state sensor with near-unity readout fidelity
Fuente:
arXiv
Salvato in:
| Autori principali: | , , , , |
|---|---|
| Natura: | Preprint |
| Pubblicazione: |
2026
|
| Soggetti: | |
| Accesso online: | |
| Tags: |
Aggiungi Tag
Nessun Tag, puoi essere il primo ad aggiungerne!!
|
| _version_ | 1866910252607209472 |
|---|---|
| author | Wang, Hanfeng Wu, Shuang Trusheim, Matthew E. Harutyunyan, Avetik Englund, Dirk R. |
| author_facet | Wang, Hanfeng Wu, Shuang Trusheim, Matthew E. Harutyunyan, Avetik Englund, Dirk R. |
| contents | Solid-state quantum sensors based on ensembles of nitrogen-vacancy (NV) centers in diamond have emerged as powerful platforms for high-precision metrology. Coupling the NV ensemble to a microwave cavity mode in a cavity quantum electrodynamics (cQED) configuration enables spin readout that surpasses the limitations of conventional optical detection, achieving sub-picotesla magnetic sensitivities. However, existing continuous-wave cQED approaches remain far from the intrinsic spin-projection-noise limit due to spin saturation and power broadening. Here, we introduce a dispersive cQED readout technique to overcome these fundamental limitations in NV ensemble sensing. We develop a comprehensive theoretical framework describing the dispersive interaction and analyze the time-domain dynamics of a strongly-coupled NV-cavity system. Our results indicate near-unity inverse readout fidelity and femtotesla-level sensitivity using a commercially available diamond NV ensemble. Importantly, the dispersive readout exhibits a distinct sensitivity scaling that improves as 1/N with increasing number of spins N, providing a practical pathway toward approaching the standard quantum limit for solid-state spin-ensemble sensors. |
| format | Preprint |
| id |
arxiv_https___arxiv_org_abs_2605_25152 |
| institution | arXiv |
| publishDate | 2026 |
| record_format | arxiv |
| spellingShingle | Dispersive readout of cavity-coupled solid-state sensor with near-unity readout fidelity Wang, Hanfeng Wu, Shuang Trusheim, Matthew E. Harutyunyan, Avetik Englund, Dirk R. Quantum Physics Solid-state quantum sensors based on ensembles of nitrogen-vacancy (NV) centers in diamond have emerged as powerful platforms for high-precision metrology. Coupling the NV ensemble to a microwave cavity mode in a cavity quantum electrodynamics (cQED) configuration enables spin readout that surpasses the limitations of conventional optical detection, achieving sub-picotesla magnetic sensitivities. However, existing continuous-wave cQED approaches remain far from the intrinsic spin-projection-noise limit due to spin saturation and power broadening. Here, we introduce a dispersive cQED readout technique to overcome these fundamental limitations in NV ensemble sensing. We develop a comprehensive theoretical framework describing the dispersive interaction and analyze the time-domain dynamics of a strongly-coupled NV-cavity system. Our results indicate near-unity inverse readout fidelity and femtotesla-level sensitivity using a commercially available diamond NV ensemble. Importantly, the dispersive readout exhibits a distinct sensitivity scaling that improves as 1/N with increasing number of spins N, providing a practical pathway toward approaching the standard quantum limit for solid-state spin-ensemble sensors. |
| title | Dispersive readout of cavity-coupled solid-state sensor with near-unity readout fidelity |
| topic | Quantum Physics |
| url | https://arxiv.org/abs/2605.25152 |