Quantum-Corrected Q-balls in the Friedberg-Lee-Sirlin Model
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| Format: | Preprint |
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2026
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| _version_ | 1866916055267409920 |
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| author | Su, Yong-Xiang Xie, Qi-Xin Zhou, Shuang-Yong |
| author_facet | Su, Yong-Xiang Xie, Qi-Xin Zhou, Shuang-Yong |
| contents | We study the real-time quantum dynamics of Q-balls in the Friedberg-Lee-Sirlin model within the inhomogeneous Hartree approximation. The mean fields are evolved self-consistently with the leading quantum two-point functions, which are implemented numerically through a stochastic ensemble representation. After introducing a renormalized formulation and a classical-limit scaling, we simulate single-Q-ball configurations in $3+1$ dimensions and compare their quantum-corrected evolution with the corresponding classical dynamics. We find a clear separation between a classical regime, where quantum fluctuations remain small and the evolution closely follows the classical solution, and a quantum regime, where the fluctuation sector carries a sizable fraction of the Noether charge. We also observe a periodic exchange of Noether charge between the mean fields and the fluctuation modes within the Hartree approximation. We further investigate the stability of quantum-corrected Q-balls and find an intermediate window in which configurations that are classically stable become unstable once Hartree fluctuations are included. Our results provide a first step toward real-time quantum simulations of Q-balls in renormalizable two-field soliton models. |
| format | Preprint |
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arxiv_https___arxiv_org_abs_2605_25243 |
| institution | arXiv |
| publishDate | 2026 |
| record_format | arxiv |
| spellingShingle | Quantum-Corrected Q-balls in the Friedberg-Lee-Sirlin Model Su, Yong-Xiang Xie, Qi-Xin Zhou, Shuang-Yong High Energy Physics - Theory High Energy Physics - Lattice High Energy Physics - Phenomenology We study the real-time quantum dynamics of Q-balls in the Friedberg-Lee-Sirlin model within the inhomogeneous Hartree approximation. The mean fields are evolved self-consistently with the leading quantum two-point functions, which are implemented numerically through a stochastic ensemble representation. After introducing a renormalized formulation and a classical-limit scaling, we simulate single-Q-ball configurations in $3+1$ dimensions and compare their quantum-corrected evolution with the corresponding classical dynamics. We find a clear separation between a classical regime, where quantum fluctuations remain small and the evolution closely follows the classical solution, and a quantum regime, where the fluctuation sector carries a sizable fraction of the Noether charge. We also observe a periodic exchange of Noether charge between the mean fields and the fluctuation modes within the Hartree approximation. We further investigate the stability of quantum-corrected Q-balls and find an intermediate window in which configurations that are classically stable become unstable once Hartree fluctuations are included. Our results provide a first step toward real-time quantum simulations of Q-balls in renormalizable two-field soliton models. |
| title | Quantum-Corrected Q-balls in the Friedberg-Lee-Sirlin Model |
| topic | High Energy Physics - Theory High Energy Physics - Lattice High Energy Physics - Phenomenology |
| url | https://arxiv.org/abs/2605.25243 |