Adversarial Orthogonal Disentanglement for LVLM Hallucination Mitigation
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| Main Authors: | , , , , , , , , |
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| Format: | Preprint |
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2026
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| _version_ | 1866918520919425024 |
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| author | Cheng, Ruoxi Ma, Haoxuan Hai, Zhengfei Huang, Yiyan Duan, Ranjie Zhang, Tianle Yang, Xu Ye, Ziyi Ma, Xingjun |
| author_facet | Cheng, Ruoxi Ma, Haoxuan Hai, Zhengfei Huang, Yiyan Duan, Ranjie Zhang, Tianle Yang, Xu Ye, Ziyi Ma, Xingjun |
| contents | Large Vision-Language Models (LVLMs) have advanced multimodal understanding, yet their reliability is limited by hallucination, where generated content conflicts with visual facts. Existing mitigation methods either rely on costly external interventions, such as instruction tuning and retrieval, or use internal mechanisms that remain limited by flawed attention weights and entangled hidden representations. We propose Adversarial Orthogonal Disentanglement (AOD), a latent geometric framework for mitigating LVLM hallucinations. AOD learns a hallucination-related direction through a minimax objective: a classifier concentrates hallucination signals into the projected component, while an adversary removes them from the orthogonal residual space via a Gradient Reversal Layer. The learned direction enables a training-free dual-forward-pass contrastive decoding strategy that suppresses hallucinations while preserving general capabilities. Experiments on three LVLMs across four hallucination and four utility benchmarks show that AOD consistently outperforms strong baselines. It improves POPE accuracy by over 6\% on average, boosts AMBER by 6\%, and maintains strong performance on utility tasks such as MMMU. Further analysis shows robust transfer across datasets, suggesting that AOD captures general hallucination-related biases rather than dataset-specific artifacts. Our source code and datasets are available at https://github.com/Hunter-Wrynn/AOD. |
| format | Preprint |
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arxiv_https___arxiv_org_abs_2605_25377 |
| institution | arXiv |
| publishDate | 2026 |
| record_format | arxiv |
| spellingShingle | Adversarial Orthogonal Disentanglement for LVLM Hallucination Mitigation Cheng, Ruoxi Ma, Haoxuan Hai, Zhengfei Huang, Yiyan Duan, Ranjie Zhang, Tianle Yang, Xu Ye, Ziyi Ma, Xingjun Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition Artificial Intelligence Large Vision-Language Models (LVLMs) have advanced multimodal understanding, yet their reliability is limited by hallucination, where generated content conflicts with visual facts. Existing mitigation methods either rely on costly external interventions, such as instruction tuning and retrieval, or use internal mechanisms that remain limited by flawed attention weights and entangled hidden representations. We propose Adversarial Orthogonal Disentanglement (AOD), a latent geometric framework for mitigating LVLM hallucinations. AOD learns a hallucination-related direction through a minimax objective: a classifier concentrates hallucination signals into the projected component, while an adversary removes them from the orthogonal residual space via a Gradient Reversal Layer. The learned direction enables a training-free dual-forward-pass contrastive decoding strategy that suppresses hallucinations while preserving general capabilities. Experiments on three LVLMs across four hallucination and four utility benchmarks show that AOD consistently outperforms strong baselines. It improves POPE accuracy by over 6\% on average, boosts AMBER by 6\%, and maintains strong performance on utility tasks such as MMMU. Further analysis shows robust transfer across datasets, suggesting that AOD captures general hallucination-related biases rather than dataset-specific artifacts. Our source code and datasets are available at https://github.com/Hunter-Wrynn/AOD. |
| title | Adversarial Orthogonal Disentanglement for LVLM Hallucination Mitigation |
| topic | Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition Artificial Intelligence |
| url | https://arxiv.org/abs/2605.25377 |