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| Main Authors: | , , , , , , , , , |
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| Format: | Preprint |
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2026
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| Subjects: | |
| Online Access: | https://arxiv.org/abs/2605.25412 |
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| _version_ | 1866911715304669184 |
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| author | Urata, Yuji Huang, Kuiyun Hatsukade, Bunyo Kasliwal, Mansi Kimura, Shigeo S. Matsuda, Yuichi Miyamoto, Yusuke Nagai, Hiroshi Nakanishi, Kouichiro Stein, Robert |
| author_facet | Urata, Yuji Huang, Kuiyun Hatsukade, Bunyo Kasliwal, Mansi Kimura, Shigeo S. Matsuda, Yuichi Miyamoto, Yusuke Nagai, Hiroshi Nakanishi, Kouichiro Stein, Robert |
| contents | The origin of high-energy astrophysical neutrinos remains unresolved, and secure electromagnetic counterparts to individual events are rare despite rapid follow-up. Dusty star-forming galaxies (DSFGs) at cosmic noon (z ~ 1-4) are natural cosmic-ray calorimeters, yet observational links between DSFGs and neutrinos have remained elusive. Here we report a compact-core DSFG within an IceCube localization, JCMT0402-0424, a quadruply lensed galaxy at z = 2.988 located inside the 90% containment region of the IceCube event IC 210922A. ALMA imaging and lens modeling resolve a highly magnified, compact starburst with no bright gamma-ray or X-ray counterpart above current sensitivity limits. Considering the positional agreement, the low chance-coincidence probability (less than about 1%) for such an extreme submillimeter source, the absence of equally plausible alternatives in the field, and the compact, gas-rich core revealed by ALMA, JCMT0402-0424 is the most plausible electromagnetic counterpart candidate within the IC 210922A localization. In a population context, compact-core starbursts at cosmic noon can provide a non-negligible population-level contribution to the diffuse high-energy neutrino background, even though the neutrino yield from any single DSFG is modest. This result connects high-energy neutrino production to the peak epoch of cosmic star formation, opening a new avenue to probe galaxy evolution and cosmic-ray acceleration across cosmic time. |
| format | Preprint |
| id |
arxiv_https___arxiv_org_abs_2605_25412 |
| institution | arXiv |
| publishDate | 2026 |
| record_format | arxiv |
| spellingShingle | Compact dusty starbursts at cosmic noon linked to high-energy neutrinos Urata, Yuji Huang, Kuiyun Hatsukade, Bunyo Kasliwal, Mansi Kimura, Shigeo S. Matsuda, Yuichi Miyamoto, Yusuke Nagai, Hiroshi Nakanishi, Kouichiro Stein, Robert High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena The origin of high-energy astrophysical neutrinos remains unresolved, and secure electromagnetic counterparts to individual events are rare despite rapid follow-up. Dusty star-forming galaxies (DSFGs) at cosmic noon (z ~ 1-4) are natural cosmic-ray calorimeters, yet observational links between DSFGs and neutrinos have remained elusive. Here we report a compact-core DSFG within an IceCube localization, JCMT0402-0424, a quadruply lensed galaxy at z = 2.988 located inside the 90% containment region of the IceCube event IC 210922A. ALMA imaging and lens modeling resolve a highly magnified, compact starburst with no bright gamma-ray or X-ray counterpart above current sensitivity limits. Considering the positional agreement, the low chance-coincidence probability (less than about 1%) for such an extreme submillimeter source, the absence of equally plausible alternatives in the field, and the compact, gas-rich core revealed by ALMA, JCMT0402-0424 is the most plausible electromagnetic counterpart candidate within the IC 210922A localization. In a population context, compact-core starbursts at cosmic noon can provide a non-negligible population-level contribution to the diffuse high-energy neutrino background, even though the neutrino yield from any single DSFG is modest. This result connects high-energy neutrino production to the peak epoch of cosmic star formation, opening a new avenue to probe galaxy evolution and cosmic-ray acceleration across cosmic time. |
| title | Compact dusty starbursts at cosmic noon linked to high-energy neutrinos |
| topic | High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena |
| url | https://arxiv.org/abs/2605.25412 |