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Autori principali: Li, Gen, Chen, Li, Tang, Cheng, Ma, Boxuan, Jiang, Yuncheng, Deguchi, Daisuke, Yamashita, Takayoshi, Shimada, Atsushi
Natura: Preprint
Pubblicazione: 2026
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Accesso online:https://arxiv.org/abs/2605.25419
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author Li, Gen
Chen, Li
Tang, Cheng
Ma, Boxuan
Jiang, Yuncheng
Deguchi, Daisuke
Yamashita, Takayoshi
Shimada, Atsushi
author_facet Li, Gen
Chen, Li
Tang, Cheng
Ma, Boxuan
Jiang, Yuncheng
Deguchi, Daisuke
Yamashita, Takayoshi
Shimada, Atsushi
contents Effective learning support requires understanding not only what learners know but also how accurately they perceive their own understanding. This metacognitive dimension, known as knowledge monitoring, fundamentally influences self-regulated learning, yet this dimension remains underexplored in current systems. This paper introduces the Capture-Calibrate-Coach (3C) framework for adaptive learning support. The Capture phase extracts learners' perceived knowledge states from open-ended self-reports to construct a heterogeneous graph linking learners and knowledge concepts. The Calibrate phase applies a heterogeneous graph neural network to infer latent perceived states for concepts not explicitly mentioned, enabling systematic knowledge monitoring assessment. The Coach phase classifies learners into five metacognitive patterns and delivers personalized feedback addressing both knowledge gaps and calibration errors. Evaluation with 684 students demonstrates 85.21% AUC in predicting latent perceived states, significantly outperforming baseline methods. A user study with 47 participants shows positive reception of feedback quality, with participants particularly valuing concrete feedback on knowledge gaps and actionable study guidance. These findings advance AI-based learning support toward metacognitive teammates that foster accurate self-awareness while supporting knowledge growth.
format Preprint
id arxiv_https___arxiv_org_abs_2605_25419
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publishDate 2026
record_format arxiv
spellingShingle Capture-Calibrate-Coach: A Graph-Based Framework for Knowledge Monitoring Estimation and Adaptive Feedback
Li, Gen
Chen, Li
Tang, Cheng
Ma, Boxuan
Jiang, Yuncheng
Deguchi, Daisuke
Yamashita, Takayoshi
Shimada, Atsushi
Machine Learning
I.2; I.6; K.3
Effective learning support requires understanding not only what learners know but also how accurately they perceive their own understanding. This metacognitive dimension, known as knowledge monitoring, fundamentally influences self-regulated learning, yet this dimension remains underexplored in current systems. This paper introduces the Capture-Calibrate-Coach (3C) framework for adaptive learning support. The Capture phase extracts learners' perceived knowledge states from open-ended self-reports to construct a heterogeneous graph linking learners and knowledge concepts. The Calibrate phase applies a heterogeneous graph neural network to infer latent perceived states for concepts not explicitly mentioned, enabling systematic knowledge monitoring assessment. The Coach phase classifies learners into five metacognitive patterns and delivers personalized feedback addressing both knowledge gaps and calibration errors. Evaluation with 684 students demonstrates 85.21% AUC in predicting latent perceived states, significantly outperforming baseline methods. A user study with 47 participants shows positive reception of feedback quality, with participants particularly valuing concrete feedback on knowledge gaps and actionable study guidance. These findings advance AI-based learning support toward metacognitive teammates that foster accurate self-awareness while supporting knowledge growth.
title Capture-Calibrate-Coach: A Graph-Based Framework for Knowledge Monitoring Estimation and Adaptive Feedback
topic Machine Learning
I.2; I.6; K.3
url https://arxiv.org/abs/2605.25419