Stateful Inference for Low-Latency Multi-Agent Tool Calling
Fuente:
arXiv
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| Autore principale: | |
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| Natura: | Preprint |
| Pubblicazione: |
2026
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| Accesso online: | |
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| _version_ | 1866914602183294976 |
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| author | Norgren, Victor |
| author_facet | Norgren, Victor |
| contents | Multi-agent tool calling is becoming the dominant interaction pattern for LLM-based systems, yet existing inference frameworks treat each tool call as an independent request, re-processing the entire conversation from scratch even though 85-95% of the prompt is unchanged from the previous turn.
We present a stateful inference architecture that converts the $O(n_t)$ per-turn cost of conventional serving into an $O(Δ_t)$ delta-only cost: a persistent KV cache lives across turns and advances by ingesting only the new tokens, while a radix prefix cache extends this across interleaved multi-agent traffic and a prompt-lookup speculative decoder accelerates structured output. Against vLLM and SGLang on novel, fully-generated workloads, the reference implementation is $2.1\times$ faster per turn on a 6-turn agentic workflow and $4.2\times$ on the median turn of a 35-turn one, halving end-to-end wall time. The advantage comes from stateful reuse and speculation, not caching. |
| format | Preprint |
| id |
arxiv_https___arxiv_org_abs_2605_26289 |
| institution | arXiv |
| publishDate | 2026 |
| record_format | arxiv |
| spellingShingle | Stateful Inference for Low-Latency Multi-Agent Tool Calling Norgren, Victor Machine Learning Multi-agent tool calling is becoming the dominant interaction pattern for LLM-based systems, yet existing inference frameworks treat each tool call as an independent request, re-processing the entire conversation from scratch even though 85-95% of the prompt is unchanged from the previous turn. We present a stateful inference architecture that converts the $O(n_t)$ per-turn cost of conventional serving into an $O(Δ_t)$ delta-only cost: a persistent KV cache lives across turns and advances by ingesting only the new tokens, while a radix prefix cache extends this across interleaved multi-agent traffic and a prompt-lookup speculative decoder accelerates structured output. Against vLLM and SGLang on novel, fully-generated workloads, the reference implementation is $2.1\times$ faster per turn on a 6-turn agentic workflow and $4.2\times$ on the median turn of a 35-turn one, halving end-to-end wall time. The advantage comes from stateful reuse and speculation, not caching. |
| title | Stateful Inference for Low-Latency Multi-Agent Tool Calling |
| topic | Machine Learning |
| url | https://arxiv.org/abs/2605.26289 |