BlackHoleWeather -- Jet-regulated chaotic cold accretion across the meso scale: Variability and kinematics
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| Main Authors: | , , , , , , , , , , , , |
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| Format: | Preprint |
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2026
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| _version_ | 1866914606500282368 |
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| author | Cammelli, Vieri Gaspari, Massimo Barbani, Filippo Piana, Olmo Stel, Giovanni Brustio, Davide M. Olivares, Valeria Serafinelli, Roberto Temi, Pasquale Salvestrini, Francesco Reefe, Michael Maccagni, Filippo M. Tombesi, Francesco |
| author_facet | Cammelli, Vieri Gaspari, Massimo Barbani, Filippo Piana, Olmo Stel, Giovanni Brustio, Davide M. Olivares, Valeria Serafinelli, Roberto Temi, Pasquale Salvestrini, Francesco Reefe, Michael Maccagni, Filippo M. Tombesi, Francesco |
| contents | Chaotic cold accretion (CCA) predicts that supermassive black holes are fed by multiphase clouds condensing from turbulent hot atmospheres. In jet-regulated systems cold gas must also remain dynamically connected to the central accretion region. We investigate how a self-regulated kinetic jet modifies the kinematics, radial transport, and variability of CCA across the meso-scale of a typical galaxy-group atmosphere. The runs differ only in turbulent driving strength. We measure accretion histories, Eddington ratios, power spectra, phase-separated mass fluxes, projected k-plots, and cooling-to-eddy-time (C-ratio) profiles. Both runs become CCA-fed once precipitation begins, with accretion rising from Bondi-like to strongly super-Bondi values while remaining mostly low-Eddington and mechanically dominated. The strongly stirred run develops an early stormy phase with extended condensation, bursty feeding, and strong inflow/outflow variability, but later enters a cloudy phase in which cold and warm gas persist at meso- and inner macro-scales while sink coupling weakens. The calmer run maintains a compact rainy state with a longer-lived central reservoir. Accretion-rate spectra show flicker-like low-frequency slopes and red-noise tails; in the cloudy phase, the normalization drops and the low-frequency slope flattens. Phase-separated fluxes show fountain-like recycling in the strongly stirred run, but inner-kpc recycling in the calmer run. The jet excavates a hot channel where sustained condensation is suppressed, while C~1 is reached mostly outside the cone and near the jet-ambient interface. Jet-regulated CCA is controlled by meso-scale transport, not only by cold-gas production. Within the BlackHoleWeather framework, combined k-plot and C-ratio diagnostics are crucial to distinguish cold gas that is merely present from cold gas dynamically linked to SMBH feeding. |
| format | Preprint |
| id |
arxiv_https___arxiv_org_abs_2605_27511 |
| institution | arXiv |
| publishDate | 2026 |
| record_format | arxiv |
| spellingShingle | BlackHoleWeather -- Jet-regulated chaotic cold accretion across the meso scale: Variability and kinematics Cammelli, Vieri Gaspari, Massimo Barbani, Filippo Piana, Olmo Stel, Giovanni Brustio, Davide M. Olivares, Valeria Serafinelli, Roberto Temi, Pasquale Salvestrini, Francesco Reefe, Michael Maccagni, Filippo M. Tombesi, Francesco High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena Astrophysics of Galaxies Chaotic cold accretion (CCA) predicts that supermassive black holes are fed by multiphase clouds condensing from turbulent hot atmospheres. In jet-regulated systems cold gas must also remain dynamically connected to the central accretion region. We investigate how a self-regulated kinetic jet modifies the kinematics, radial transport, and variability of CCA across the meso-scale of a typical galaxy-group atmosphere. The runs differ only in turbulent driving strength. We measure accretion histories, Eddington ratios, power spectra, phase-separated mass fluxes, projected k-plots, and cooling-to-eddy-time (C-ratio) profiles. Both runs become CCA-fed once precipitation begins, with accretion rising from Bondi-like to strongly super-Bondi values while remaining mostly low-Eddington and mechanically dominated. The strongly stirred run develops an early stormy phase with extended condensation, bursty feeding, and strong inflow/outflow variability, but later enters a cloudy phase in which cold and warm gas persist at meso- and inner macro-scales while sink coupling weakens. The calmer run maintains a compact rainy state with a longer-lived central reservoir. Accretion-rate spectra show flicker-like low-frequency slopes and red-noise tails; in the cloudy phase, the normalization drops and the low-frequency slope flattens. Phase-separated fluxes show fountain-like recycling in the strongly stirred run, but inner-kpc recycling in the calmer run. The jet excavates a hot channel where sustained condensation is suppressed, while C~1 is reached mostly outside the cone and near the jet-ambient interface. Jet-regulated CCA is controlled by meso-scale transport, not only by cold-gas production. Within the BlackHoleWeather framework, combined k-plot and C-ratio diagnostics are crucial to distinguish cold gas that is merely present from cold gas dynamically linked to SMBH feeding. |
| title | BlackHoleWeather -- Jet-regulated chaotic cold accretion across the meso scale: Variability and kinematics |
| topic | High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena Astrophysics of Galaxies |
| url | https://arxiv.org/abs/2605.27511 |