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| Main Authors: | , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , |
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| Format: | Preprint |
| Published: |
2026
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| Subjects: | |
| Online Access: | https://arxiv.org/abs/2605.27549 |
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| _version_ | 1866911722820861952 |
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| author | The CENTAUR Collaboration Freiberger, Samuel W. Bursch, Evan Chiriboga, Javier Farre-Kaga, Hiro J. Felske, Eliot Guizzo, Sophia Labbate, John Seethalla, Shreyas Sheehan, Frederick Xia, Jamie L. Braun, Anson Burgess, Daniel A. Chen, Nathaniel Halpern, Jacob Haque, Mohammed Hyder, Abdullah Lachmann, Alexandra Lopez, Rohan Orr, Kian Richardson, Kalen Russo, Melanie Veksler, Avigdor Hansen, Christopher J. Holm, Andreas Leuthold, Nils Meneghini, Orso Nelson, Andrew O. Pharr, Matthew Slendebroek, Tim Stewart, Ian G. Scotti, Filippo Tobin, Matthew Wilson, Haley Zimmermann, C. F. B. Paz-Soldan, Carlos |
| author_facet | The CENTAUR Collaboration Freiberger, Samuel W. Bursch, Evan Chiriboga, Javier Farre-Kaga, Hiro J. Felske, Eliot Guizzo, Sophia Labbate, John Seethalla, Shreyas Sheehan, Frederick Xia, Jamie L. Braun, Anson Burgess, Daniel A. Chen, Nathaniel Halpern, Jacob Haque, Mohammed Hyder, Abdullah Lachmann, Alexandra Lopez, Rohan Orr, Kian Richardson, Kalen Russo, Melanie Veksler, Avigdor Hansen, Christopher J. Holm, Andreas Leuthold, Nils Meneghini, Orso Nelson, Andrew O. Pharr, Matthew Slendebroek, Tim Stewart, Ian G. Scotti, Filippo Tobin, Matthew Wilson, Haley Zimmermann, C. F. B. Paz-Soldan, Carlos |
| contents | This work presents the compact experimental negative triangularity reactor (CENTAUR), a low overnight cost, high-field tokamak, breakeven reactor design, achieving a predicted total fusion power of 40MW and scientific energy gain of 1.3. Ballooning stability calculations confirm that the device's pedestal is within the first stability regime, which is consistent with the expected ELM-free operation associated with negative triangularity (NT) plasmas. The geometry of the NT divertor allows for high fraction of radiated power (13.5$\%$) between the separatrix and plasma facing components. Heat transport modeling based on simulations of the edge region show heat loads into plasma facing components well below material limits. The magnet system employs rare-earth barium copper oxide (REBCO) high-temperature superconductors in 18 toroidal field coils, an hourglass-shaped central solenoid, and six poloidal field coils to support high-field ($B_0=10.9$ T) plasma confinement, shaping, and current drive. Neutronics analysis shows that a 12 cm $B_4C$ shield keeps superconducting magnet heating below the 33~K quench limit during 10 s, 40 MW DT pulses. With this shielding, the modeled fluence indicates HTS components can survive more than ten times the 3000-pulse design lifetime. Iteration of economic analysis in tandem with the technical design process allows CENTAUR to achieve its overnight cost goal of $\$$2B determined using a custom costing model that predicts a total overnight cost of $1.6$B$\pm0.2$B. |
| format | Preprint |
| id |
arxiv_https___arxiv_org_abs_2605_27549 |
| institution | arXiv |
| publishDate | 2026 |
| record_format | arxiv |
| spellingShingle | Compact Experimental Negative TriAngUlarity Reactor (CENTAUR): A design study for a compact, affordable breakeven tokamak The CENTAUR Collaboration Freiberger, Samuel W. Bursch, Evan Chiriboga, Javier Farre-Kaga, Hiro J. Felske, Eliot Guizzo, Sophia Labbate, John Seethalla, Shreyas Sheehan, Frederick Xia, Jamie L. Braun, Anson Burgess, Daniel A. Chen, Nathaniel Halpern, Jacob Haque, Mohammed Hyder, Abdullah Lachmann, Alexandra Lopez, Rohan Orr, Kian Richardson, Kalen Russo, Melanie Veksler, Avigdor Hansen, Christopher J. Holm, Andreas Leuthold, Nils Meneghini, Orso Nelson, Andrew O. Pharr, Matthew Slendebroek, Tim Stewart, Ian G. Scotti, Filippo Tobin, Matthew Wilson, Haley Zimmermann, C. F. B. Paz-Soldan, Carlos Plasma Physics This work presents the compact experimental negative triangularity reactor (CENTAUR), a low overnight cost, high-field tokamak, breakeven reactor design, achieving a predicted total fusion power of 40MW and scientific energy gain of 1.3. Ballooning stability calculations confirm that the device's pedestal is within the first stability regime, which is consistent with the expected ELM-free operation associated with negative triangularity (NT) plasmas. The geometry of the NT divertor allows for high fraction of radiated power (13.5$\%$) between the separatrix and plasma facing components. Heat transport modeling based on simulations of the edge region show heat loads into plasma facing components well below material limits. The magnet system employs rare-earth barium copper oxide (REBCO) high-temperature superconductors in 18 toroidal field coils, an hourglass-shaped central solenoid, and six poloidal field coils to support high-field ($B_0=10.9$ T) plasma confinement, shaping, and current drive. Neutronics analysis shows that a 12 cm $B_4C$ shield keeps superconducting magnet heating below the 33~K quench limit during 10 s, 40 MW DT pulses. With this shielding, the modeled fluence indicates HTS components can survive more than ten times the 3000-pulse design lifetime. Iteration of economic analysis in tandem with the technical design process allows CENTAUR to achieve its overnight cost goal of $\$$2B determined using a custom costing model that predicts a total overnight cost of $1.6$B$\pm0.2$B. |
| title | Compact Experimental Negative TriAngUlarity Reactor (CENTAUR): A design study for a compact, affordable breakeven tokamak |
| topic | Plasma Physics |
| url | https://arxiv.org/abs/2605.27549 |