_version_ 1866911722820861952
author The CENTAUR Collaboration
Freiberger, Samuel W.
Bursch, Evan
Chiriboga, Javier
Farre-Kaga, Hiro J.
Felske, Eliot
Guizzo, Sophia
Labbate, John
Seethalla, Shreyas
Sheehan, Frederick
Xia, Jamie L.
Braun, Anson
Burgess, Daniel A.
Chen, Nathaniel
Halpern, Jacob
Haque, Mohammed
Hyder, Abdullah
Lachmann, Alexandra
Lopez, Rohan
Orr, Kian
Richardson, Kalen
Russo, Melanie
Veksler, Avigdor
Hansen, Christopher J.
Holm, Andreas
Leuthold, Nils
Meneghini, Orso
Nelson, Andrew O.
Pharr, Matthew
Slendebroek, Tim
Stewart, Ian G.
Scotti, Filippo
Tobin, Matthew
Wilson, Haley
Zimmermann, C. F. B.
Paz-Soldan, Carlos
author_facet The CENTAUR Collaboration
Freiberger, Samuel W.
Bursch, Evan
Chiriboga, Javier
Farre-Kaga, Hiro J.
Felske, Eliot
Guizzo, Sophia
Labbate, John
Seethalla, Shreyas
Sheehan, Frederick
Xia, Jamie L.
Braun, Anson
Burgess, Daniel A.
Chen, Nathaniel
Halpern, Jacob
Haque, Mohammed
Hyder, Abdullah
Lachmann, Alexandra
Lopez, Rohan
Orr, Kian
Richardson, Kalen
Russo, Melanie
Veksler, Avigdor
Hansen, Christopher J.
Holm, Andreas
Leuthold, Nils
Meneghini, Orso
Nelson, Andrew O.
Pharr, Matthew
Slendebroek, Tim
Stewart, Ian G.
Scotti, Filippo
Tobin, Matthew
Wilson, Haley
Zimmermann, C. F. B.
Paz-Soldan, Carlos
contents This work presents the compact experimental negative triangularity reactor (CENTAUR), a low overnight cost, high-field tokamak, breakeven reactor design, achieving a predicted total fusion power of 40MW and scientific energy gain of 1.3. Ballooning stability calculations confirm that the device's pedestal is within the first stability regime, which is consistent with the expected ELM-free operation associated with negative triangularity (NT) plasmas. The geometry of the NT divertor allows for high fraction of radiated power (13.5$\%$) between the separatrix and plasma facing components. Heat transport modeling based on simulations of the edge region show heat loads into plasma facing components well below material limits. The magnet system employs rare-earth barium copper oxide (REBCO) high-temperature superconductors in 18 toroidal field coils, an hourglass-shaped central solenoid, and six poloidal field coils to support high-field ($B_0=10.9$ T) plasma confinement, shaping, and current drive. Neutronics analysis shows that a 12 cm $B_4C$ shield keeps superconducting magnet heating below the 33~K quench limit during 10 s, 40 MW DT pulses. With this shielding, the modeled fluence indicates HTS components can survive more than ten times the 3000-pulse design lifetime. Iteration of economic analysis in tandem with the technical design process allows CENTAUR to achieve its overnight cost goal of $\$$2B determined using a custom costing model that predicts a total overnight cost of $1.6$B$\pm0.2$B.
format Preprint
id arxiv_https___arxiv_org_abs_2605_27549
institution arXiv
publishDate 2026
record_format arxiv
spellingShingle Compact Experimental Negative TriAngUlarity Reactor (CENTAUR): A design study for a compact, affordable breakeven tokamak
The CENTAUR Collaboration
Freiberger, Samuel W.
Bursch, Evan
Chiriboga, Javier
Farre-Kaga, Hiro J.
Felske, Eliot
Guizzo, Sophia
Labbate, John
Seethalla, Shreyas
Sheehan, Frederick
Xia, Jamie L.
Braun, Anson
Burgess, Daniel A.
Chen, Nathaniel
Halpern, Jacob
Haque, Mohammed
Hyder, Abdullah
Lachmann, Alexandra
Lopez, Rohan
Orr, Kian
Richardson, Kalen
Russo, Melanie
Veksler, Avigdor
Hansen, Christopher J.
Holm, Andreas
Leuthold, Nils
Meneghini, Orso
Nelson, Andrew O.
Pharr, Matthew
Slendebroek, Tim
Stewart, Ian G.
Scotti, Filippo
Tobin, Matthew
Wilson, Haley
Zimmermann, C. F. B.
Paz-Soldan, Carlos
Plasma Physics
This work presents the compact experimental negative triangularity reactor (CENTAUR), a low overnight cost, high-field tokamak, breakeven reactor design, achieving a predicted total fusion power of 40MW and scientific energy gain of 1.3. Ballooning stability calculations confirm that the device's pedestal is within the first stability regime, which is consistent with the expected ELM-free operation associated with negative triangularity (NT) plasmas. The geometry of the NT divertor allows for high fraction of radiated power (13.5$\%$) between the separatrix and plasma facing components. Heat transport modeling based on simulations of the edge region show heat loads into plasma facing components well below material limits. The magnet system employs rare-earth barium copper oxide (REBCO) high-temperature superconductors in 18 toroidal field coils, an hourglass-shaped central solenoid, and six poloidal field coils to support high-field ($B_0=10.9$ T) plasma confinement, shaping, and current drive. Neutronics analysis shows that a 12 cm $B_4C$ shield keeps superconducting magnet heating below the 33~K quench limit during 10 s, 40 MW DT pulses. With this shielding, the modeled fluence indicates HTS components can survive more than ten times the 3000-pulse design lifetime. Iteration of economic analysis in tandem with the technical design process allows CENTAUR to achieve its overnight cost goal of $\$$2B determined using a custom costing model that predicts a total overnight cost of $1.6$B$\pm0.2$B.
title Compact Experimental Negative TriAngUlarity Reactor (CENTAUR): A design study for a compact, affordable breakeven tokamak
topic Plasma Physics
url https://arxiv.org/abs/2605.27549