The Resetting Heat Engine: A Thermodynamic Cycle of Thermal Expansion and Compression
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arXiv
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| Format: | Preprint |
| Publié: |
2026
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| _version_ | 1866916055752900608 |
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| author | Farago, Oded |
| author_facet | Farago, Oded |
| contents | We consider a Brownian particle confined by an external potential and subject to stochastic resetting to the origin. Motivated by the repetitive nature of the dynamics, we describe the process as a thermodynamic cycle of thermal expansion and collapse, analyzed via a framework based on the Kullback-Leibler (KL) divergence between forward and reversed trajectory ensembles. While the entropy production generally depends on the full trajectory ensemble and cannot be reduced to thermodynamic state variables alone, we show that the harmonic potential constitute a special case, where the entropy production reduces exactly to a state-function-like expression determined solely by the distributions before and after resetting. Explicit analytical results are derived for periodic and Poissonian resetting. At low resetting rates $r$, the entropy production rate grows linearly with $r$ and is proportional to the symmetric KL divergence between the reset and equilibrium distributions. At very high rates, the resetting process becomes effectively perpetual and the entropy production vanishes. Langevin simulations for an anharmonic quartic potential display the same generic behavior, indicating that these features are not restricted to harmonic confinement. Our results establish a direct connection between stochastic resetting, thermodynamic cycles, and information-theoretic measures of irreversibility. |
| format | Preprint |
| id |
arxiv_https___arxiv_org_abs_2605_28445 |
| institution | arXiv |
| publishDate | 2026 |
| record_format | arxiv |
| spellingShingle | The Resetting Heat Engine: A Thermodynamic Cycle of Thermal Expansion and Compression Farago, Oded Statistical Mechanics We consider a Brownian particle confined by an external potential and subject to stochastic resetting to the origin. Motivated by the repetitive nature of the dynamics, we describe the process as a thermodynamic cycle of thermal expansion and collapse, analyzed via a framework based on the Kullback-Leibler (KL) divergence between forward and reversed trajectory ensembles. While the entropy production generally depends on the full trajectory ensemble and cannot be reduced to thermodynamic state variables alone, we show that the harmonic potential constitute a special case, where the entropy production reduces exactly to a state-function-like expression determined solely by the distributions before and after resetting. Explicit analytical results are derived for periodic and Poissonian resetting. At low resetting rates $r$, the entropy production rate grows linearly with $r$ and is proportional to the symmetric KL divergence between the reset and equilibrium distributions. At very high rates, the resetting process becomes effectively perpetual and the entropy production vanishes. Langevin simulations for an anharmonic quartic potential display the same generic behavior, indicating that these features are not restricted to harmonic confinement. Our results establish a direct connection between stochastic resetting, thermodynamic cycles, and information-theoretic measures of irreversibility. |
| title | The Resetting Heat Engine: A Thermodynamic Cycle of Thermal Expansion and Compression |
| topic | Statistical Mechanics |
| url | https://arxiv.org/abs/2605.28445 |