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1. Verfasser: Wang, Can
Format: Preprint
Veröffentlicht: 2026
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Online-Zugang:https://arxiv.org/abs/2605.28530
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author Wang, Can
author_facet Wang, Can
contents Motivated by the Engel and Pierce expansions, we introduce a signed Engel expansion. We expand each $x\in(0,1)\setminus\mathbb{Q}$ uniquely as $$x=\frac{ε_{1}(x)}{d_{1}(x)}+\frac{ε_{2}(x)}{d_{1}(x)d_{2}(x)}+\cdots+\frac{ε_{n}(x)}{d_{1}(x)d_{2}(x)\cdots d_{n}(x)}+\cdots,$$ where $ε_{1}(x)\coloneqq1$ and $ε_{n}(x)\in\left\{1,-1\right\}$ for $n\geq2$. The digit sequence $\left\{d_{n}(x)\right\}_{n\geq1}$ satisfying $d_{n+1}(x)\geq d_{n}(x)+2$ when $ε_{n+1}(x)=-ε_{n}(x)$ forms a non-decreasing sequence of even positive integers tending to infinity. On the one hand, we obtain the law of large numbers, the central limit theorem and the law of the iterated logarithm regarding $d_{n}(x)$ and $Δ_{n}(x)\coloneqq d_{n}(x)-d_{n-1}(x)\ (n\geq2)\ (Δ_{1}(x)\coloneqq d_{1}(x))$. On the other hand, we prove a Borel--Bernstein theorem on the zero-one law on the Lebesgue measure of the set $$\left\{x\in(0,1)\colon R_{n}(x)\geqϕ(n)\ \textnormal{ for infinity many } n\right\},$$ where $R_{n}(x)\coloneqq\frac{d_{n}(x)}{d_{n-1}(x)}\ (n\geq2)\ (R_{1}(x)\coloneqq d_{1}(x))$ and $ϕ$ is an arbitrary positive function defined on the set of positive integers.
format Preprint
id arxiv_https___arxiv_org_abs_2605_28530
institution arXiv
publishDate 2026
record_format arxiv
spellingShingle Metrical theory of signed Engel expansions
Wang, Can
Number Theory
Dynamical Systems
Motivated by the Engel and Pierce expansions, we introduce a signed Engel expansion. We expand each $x\in(0,1)\setminus\mathbb{Q}$ uniquely as $$x=\frac{ε_{1}(x)}{d_{1}(x)}+\frac{ε_{2}(x)}{d_{1}(x)d_{2}(x)}+\cdots+\frac{ε_{n}(x)}{d_{1}(x)d_{2}(x)\cdots d_{n}(x)}+\cdots,$$ where $ε_{1}(x)\coloneqq1$ and $ε_{n}(x)\in\left\{1,-1\right\}$ for $n\geq2$. The digit sequence $\left\{d_{n}(x)\right\}_{n\geq1}$ satisfying $d_{n+1}(x)\geq d_{n}(x)+2$ when $ε_{n+1}(x)=-ε_{n}(x)$ forms a non-decreasing sequence of even positive integers tending to infinity. On the one hand, we obtain the law of large numbers, the central limit theorem and the law of the iterated logarithm regarding $d_{n}(x)$ and $Δ_{n}(x)\coloneqq d_{n}(x)-d_{n-1}(x)\ (n\geq2)\ (Δ_{1}(x)\coloneqq d_{1}(x))$. On the other hand, we prove a Borel--Bernstein theorem on the zero-one law on the Lebesgue measure of the set $$\left\{x\in(0,1)\colon R_{n}(x)\geqϕ(n)\ \textnormal{ for infinity many } n\right\},$$ where $R_{n}(x)\coloneqq\frac{d_{n}(x)}{d_{n-1}(x)}\ (n\geq2)\ (R_{1}(x)\coloneqq d_{1}(x))$ and $ϕ$ is an arbitrary positive function defined on the set of positive integers.
title Metrical theory of signed Engel expansions
topic Number Theory
Dynamical Systems
url https://arxiv.org/abs/2605.28530