Saved in:
Bibliographic Details
Main Authors: Sovljanski, Vladimir, Paolone, Mario
Format: Preprint
Published: 2026
Subjects:
Online Access:https://arxiv.org/abs/2605.28901
Tags: Add Tag
No Tags, Be the first to tag this record!
_version_ 1866914609612455936
author Sovljanski, Vladimir
Paolone, Mario
author_facet Sovljanski, Vladimir
Paolone, Mario
contents This paper investigates the identification of observable low-frequency (LF) parameters of battery cell's equivalent circuit models (ECMs) using time-domain voltage and current measurements sampled at low frequency by built-in battery management systems (BMS) during operation. Accurate estimation of such parameters is challenging due to measurement resolution available in practical settings. To address this, a modeling and identification framework is proposed in which fractional constant phase element (CPE), commonly used to model LF diffusion phenomena of battery cells, is approximated in the time domain using a high-order RC network with a recursive definition. The parameter estimation problem is formulated as a constrained, non-convex least-squares problem in a discretized state-space representation. To improve robustness, parameter initialization strategies, bounds, and a procedure for selecting the number of RC branches are rigorously derived. The method is evaluated in a numerical study based on a power system application where the battery under the study provides primary frequency control to the grid. Under noise levels representative of typical BMS measurements, the proposed approach achieves, from time-domain measurements, accurate LF parameter estimation (including the CPE), with average errors below 1 %.
format Preprint
id arxiv_https___arxiv_org_abs_2605_28901
institution arXiv
publishDate 2026
record_format arxiv
spellingShingle Identifiability of Low Frequency Li-ion Battery Parameters in Time Domain
Sovljanski, Vladimir
Paolone, Mario
Systems and Control
This paper investigates the identification of observable low-frequency (LF) parameters of battery cell's equivalent circuit models (ECMs) using time-domain voltage and current measurements sampled at low frequency by built-in battery management systems (BMS) during operation. Accurate estimation of such parameters is challenging due to measurement resolution available in practical settings. To address this, a modeling and identification framework is proposed in which fractional constant phase element (CPE), commonly used to model LF diffusion phenomena of battery cells, is approximated in the time domain using a high-order RC network with a recursive definition. The parameter estimation problem is formulated as a constrained, non-convex least-squares problem in a discretized state-space representation. To improve robustness, parameter initialization strategies, bounds, and a procedure for selecting the number of RC branches are rigorously derived. The method is evaluated in a numerical study based on a power system application where the battery under the study provides primary frequency control to the grid. Under noise levels representative of typical BMS measurements, the proposed approach achieves, from time-domain measurements, accurate LF parameter estimation (including the CPE), with average errors below 1 %.
title Identifiability of Low Frequency Li-ion Battery Parameters in Time Domain
topic Systems and Control
url https://arxiv.org/abs/2605.28901