Graph automorphisms to obtain Clifford symmetries in open and closed qudit models

Fuente: arXiv
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Autores principales: Nation, Charlie, Simon, Rick P. A., Banerjee, Shreya, Martini, Francesco, Ricottone, Alessandro, Cerisola, Federico, Dellantonio, Luca
Formato: Preprint
Publicado: 2026
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author Nation, Charlie
Simon, Rick P. A.
Banerjee, Shreya
Martini, Francesco
Ricottone, Alessandro
Cerisola, Federico
Dellantonio, Luca
author_facet Nation, Charlie
Simon, Rick P. A.
Banerjee, Shreya
Martini, Francesco
Ricottone, Alessandro
Cerisola, Federico
Dellantonio, Luca
contents In the recent article [arXiv:2605.18966], we demonstrated that finding Clifford symmetries can be mapped to a Graph Automorphism (GA) problem. Here, we provide an algorithm to obtain such symmetries on general qudit systems, that works on the principle of encoding Clifford invariants of a Hamiltonian onto properties of a graph. Labelling Hamiltonian terms as vertices, a permutation of such vertices that respects the Clifford invariants (a GA) is both a valid Clifford, and a symmetry up to phase correction checks. We test this on multiple physical models and discuss the scaling with respect to the number of qudits and Pauli strings, as well as various strategies for optimisation in different regimes. We further show that the graph automorphism representation of Clifford symmetries can be expanded to open quantum systems.
format Preprint
id arxiv_https___arxiv_org_abs_2605_30428
institution arXiv
publishDate 2026
record_format arxiv
spellingShingle Graph automorphisms to obtain Clifford symmetries in open and closed qudit models
Nation, Charlie
Simon, Rick P. A.
Banerjee, Shreya
Martini, Francesco
Ricottone, Alessandro
Cerisola, Federico
Dellantonio, Luca
Quantum Physics
In the recent article [arXiv:2605.18966], we demonstrated that finding Clifford symmetries can be mapped to a Graph Automorphism (GA) problem. Here, we provide an algorithm to obtain such symmetries on general qudit systems, that works on the principle of encoding Clifford invariants of a Hamiltonian onto properties of a graph. Labelling Hamiltonian terms as vertices, a permutation of such vertices that respects the Clifford invariants (a GA) is both a valid Clifford, and a symmetry up to phase correction checks. We test this on multiple physical models and discuss the scaling with respect to the number of qudits and Pauli strings, as well as various strategies for optimisation in different regimes. We further show that the graph automorphism representation of Clifford symmetries can be expanded to open quantum systems.
title Graph automorphisms to obtain Clifford symmetries in open and closed qudit models
topic Quantum Physics
url https://arxiv.org/abs/2605.30428