Experimental Implementation of the Quantum Volunteer's Dilemma on NISQ Hardware: Noise Analysis and Digital-Twin Validation
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arXiv
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| Auteurs principaux: | , , , , , , |
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| Format: | Preprint |
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2026
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| _version_ | 1866917546824826880 |
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| author | Agreda, Germán D. Díaz Hoyos, Jhon Alejandro Andrade Paredes, Carlos A. Durán Ordoñez, Sebastián Cajas Hebdon, Noah Dane Goh, Siong Thye Koh, Dax Enshan |
| author_facet | Agreda, Germán D. Díaz Hoyos, Jhon Alejandro Andrade Paredes, Carlos A. Durán Ordoñez, Sebastián Cajas Hebdon, Noah Dane Goh, Siong Thye Koh, Dax Enshan |
| contents | We present an experimental implementation of the multiplayer Quantum Volunteer's Dilemma on noisy intermediate-scale quantum (NISQ) hardware, executed on the ibm_kingston backend via Qiskit Runtime. The game is evaluated for N = 2 to 9 players under four transpiler optimization levels, with 20 independent repetitions per configuration and 2048 shots per circuit, including post-processing readout error correction via mthree. Target-state fidelity decays with system size but remains above 70% (corrected) through N = 9. With readout correction, the global average payoff reproduces the quantum theoretical benchmark exactly for N <= 6 and exceeds the classical Nash equilibrium across the full tested range. Optimization level 2 is selected as the reference configuration after gate count analysis reveals that levels 2 and 3 produce identical transpiled circuits, with level 2 achieving superior fidelity stability. A Hamming distance analysis of raw measurement counts shows that single-qubit errors dominate at small N, with multi-qubit contributions growing beyond N = 6. A calibration-based digital twin captures global payoff trends but exhibits a linear fidelity decay profile that diverges from the hardware behavior at large N, exposing the limits of first-order independent per-qubit noise models. These results demonstrate that aggregate quantum advantage in multiplayer games is robust to NISQ noise conditions across the full tested range, while the practical observability of state-level advantage is constrained to N <= 8 under post-processed readout correction. |
| format | Preprint |
| id |
arxiv_https___arxiv_org_abs_2605_30676 |
| institution | arXiv |
| publishDate | 2026 |
| record_format | arxiv |
| spellingShingle | Experimental Implementation of the Quantum Volunteer's Dilemma on NISQ Hardware: Noise Analysis and Digital-Twin Validation Agreda, Germán D. Díaz Hoyos, Jhon Alejandro Andrade Paredes, Carlos A. Durán Ordoñez, Sebastián Cajas Hebdon, Noah Dane Goh, Siong Thye Koh, Dax Enshan Quantum Physics We present an experimental implementation of the multiplayer Quantum Volunteer's Dilemma on noisy intermediate-scale quantum (NISQ) hardware, executed on the ibm_kingston backend via Qiskit Runtime. The game is evaluated for N = 2 to 9 players under four transpiler optimization levels, with 20 independent repetitions per configuration and 2048 shots per circuit, including post-processing readout error correction via mthree. Target-state fidelity decays with system size but remains above 70% (corrected) through N = 9. With readout correction, the global average payoff reproduces the quantum theoretical benchmark exactly for N <= 6 and exceeds the classical Nash equilibrium across the full tested range. Optimization level 2 is selected as the reference configuration after gate count analysis reveals that levels 2 and 3 produce identical transpiled circuits, with level 2 achieving superior fidelity stability. A Hamming distance analysis of raw measurement counts shows that single-qubit errors dominate at small N, with multi-qubit contributions growing beyond N = 6. A calibration-based digital twin captures global payoff trends but exhibits a linear fidelity decay profile that diverges from the hardware behavior at large N, exposing the limits of first-order independent per-qubit noise models. These results demonstrate that aggregate quantum advantage in multiplayer games is robust to NISQ noise conditions across the full tested range, while the practical observability of state-level advantage is constrained to N <= 8 under post-processed readout correction. |
| title | Experimental Implementation of the Quantum Volunteer's Dilemma on NISQ Hardware: Noise Analysis and Digital-Twin Validation |
| topic | Quantum Physics |
| url | https://arxiv.org/abs/2605.30676 |