Predictive tracking of radar aurora reveals 500+ mV/m electric-field bursts during the May 2024 G5 storm
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arXiv
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2026
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| author | Ivarsen, Magnus F Marei, Saif Cho, Jordan Hussey, Glenn C |
| author_facet | Ivarsen, Magnus F Marei, Saif Cho, Jordan Hussey, Glenn C |
| contents | The bulk motion of E-region radar aurora provides a sparsely distributed, direct measurement of the ionospheric electric field in intermittent bursts. We present a tracking procedure for \textsc{icebear} VHF measurements of Farley-Buneman waves. Each cluster is represented as an $α$-shape; frame-to-frame association is a Hungarian linear-assignment problem with a cost combining centroid distance and shape Intersection-over-Union; kinematic prediction amounts to a degenerate Kalman filter. Births, deaths, splits, and mergers are monitored; each tracked trajectory is reduced to per-segment velocities by piecewise-linear regression. We validate against a Defense Meteorological Satellite Program (DMSP) conjunction on 20 May 2021 and Swarm ion-drift statistics. During the G5 storm of 10 May 2024, on closed dayside field lines, the method recovers a five-second cluster at $11{,}240\pm660$~m/s, implying $\approx 560$~mV/m -- exceeding documented sub-auroral thermal emission speeds and the most extreme reported sub-auroral drifts. The detection is consistent with extreme E-field structures appearing as short-lived bursts. |
| format | Preprint |
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arxiv_https___arxiv_org_abs_2605_31046 |
| institution | arXiv |
| publishDate | 2026 |
| record_format | arxiv |
| spellingShingle | Predictive tracking of radar aurora reveals 500+ mV/m electric-field bursts during the May 2024 G5 storm Ivarsen, Magnus F Marei, Saif Cho, Jordan Hussey, Glenn C Space Physics Earth and Planetary Astrophysics Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics Plasma Physics The bulk motion of E-region radar aurora provides a sparsely distributed, direct measurement of the ionospheric electric field in intermittent bursts. We present a tracking procedure for \textsc{icebear} VHF measurements of Farley-Buneman waves. Each cluster is represented as an $α$-shape; frame-to-frame association is a Hungarian linear-assignment problem with a cost combining centroid distance and shape Intersection-over-Union; kinematic prediction amounts to a degenerate Kalman filter. Births, deaths, splits, and mergers are monitored; each tracked trajectory is reduced to per-segment velocities by piecewise-linear regression. We validate against a Defense Meteorological Satellite Program (DMSP) conjunction on 20 May 2021 and Swarm ion-drift statistics. During the G5 storm of 10 May 2024, on closed dayside field lines, the method recovers a five-second cluster at $11{,}240\pm660$~m/s, implying $\approx 560$~mV/m -- exceeding documented sub-auroral thermal emission speeds and the most extreme reported sub-auroral drifts. The detection is consistent with extreme E-field structures appearing as short-lived bursts. |
| title | Predictive tracking of radar aurora reveals 500+ mV/m electric-field bursts during the May 2024 G5 storm |
| topic | Space Physics Earth and Planetary Astrophysics Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics Plasma Physics |
| url | https://arxiv.org/abs/2605.31046 |