Attosecond Compression of Relativistic Electron Pulses via Continuous Harmonic Undulator Resonance
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| Main Authors: | , , , , , , |
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| Format: | Preprint |
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2026
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| _version_ | 1866916064966737920 |
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| author | Sun, Hao Wang, Xiaofan Shen, Xiaozhe Yi, Huaiqian Tsai, Cheng-Ying Zhang, Weiqing Yang, Xueming |
| author_facet | Sun, Hao Wang, Xiaofan Shen, Xiaozhe Yi, Huaiqian Tsai, Cheng-Ying Zhang, Weiqing Yang, Xueming |
| contents | Extending megaelectronvolt ultrafast electron diffraction (MeV UED) into the attosecond regime is essential for resolving intrinsic structural dynamics, yet requires simultaneously controlling electron-pulse duration and arrival-time stability. Here, we propose a generalized harmonic laser-electron interaction that extends beam modulation into a continuous harmonic regime. We demonstrate that highly detuned, non-integer harmonic modulation via a single-period undulator achieves stronger coupling efficiency than conventional integer-harmonic resonance. Driven by a mid-infrared seed laser whose wavelength is a small fraction of the nominal resonant wavelength, this mechanism enables effective longitudinal phase space manipulation. It facilitates attosecond compression with minimal laser-induced energy spread, preserving the beam quality required for high-fidelity diffraction. Furthermore, deriving both the modulation and experimental pump lasers from a common source intrinsically locks their relative timing. Simulations demonstrate 680-as pulse durations and 470-as arrival-time jitter, establishing a viable route to attosecond MeV UED for resolving coupled electron-nuclear dynamics. |
| format | Preprint |
| id |
arxiv_https___arxiv_org_abs_2605_31083 |
| institution | arXiv |
| publishDate | 2026 |
| record_format | arxiv |
| spellingShingle | Attosecond Compression of Relativistic Electron Pulses via Continuous Harmonic Undulator Resonance Sun, Hao Wang, Xiaofan Shen, Xiaozhe Yi, Huaiqian Tsai, Cheng-Ying Zhang, Weiqing Yang, Xueming Accelerator Physics Extending megaelectronvolt ultrafast electron diffraction (MeV UED) into the attosecond regime is essential for resolving intrinsic structural dynamics, yet requires simultaneously controlling electron-pulse duration and arrival-time stability. Here, we propose a generalized harmonic laser-electron interaction that extends beam modulation into a continuous harmonic regime. We demonstrate that highly detuned, non-integer harmonic modulation via a single-period undulator achieves stronger coupling efficiency than conventional integer-harmonic resonance. Driven by a mid-infrared seed laser whose wavelength is a small fraction of the nominal resonant wavelength, this mechanism enables effective longitudinal phase space manipulation. It facilitates attosecond compression with minimal laser-induced energy spread, preserving the beam quality required for high-fidelity diffraction. Furthermore, deriving both the modulation and experimental pump lasers from a common source intrinsically locks their relative timing. Simulations demonstrate 680-as pulse durations and 470-as arrival-time jitter, establishing a viable route to attosecond MeV UED for resolving coupled electron-nuclear dynamics. |
| title | Attosecond Compression of Relativistic Electron Pulses via Continuous Harmonic Undulator Resonance |
| topic | Accelerator Physics |
| url | https://arxiv.org/abs/2605.31083 |