SF-LIFE: A Large-Scale Simulated Movement Dataset for the San Francisco Bay Area

Fuente: arXiv
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Main Authors: Algama, Chanuka, Anderson, Taylor, de Arruda, Henrique Ferraz, Crooks, Andrew, Holt, Nathan, Sereshgi, Erfan Hosseini, Hunter, John, Kavak, Hamdi, Kennedy, Lance, Liu, Yueyang, Pfoser, Dieter, Reia, Sandro Martinelli, Taylor, Doug, Uppalapati, Mauryan, Wang, Boyu, Wenk, Carola, Züfle, Andreas
Format: Preprint
Published: 2026
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_version_ 1866910273742307328
author Algama, Chanuka
Anderson, Taylor
de Arruda, Henrique Ferraz
Crooks, Andrew
Holt, Nathan
Sereshgi, Erfan Hosseini
Hunter, John
Kavak, Hamdi
Kennedy, Lance
Liu, Yueyang
Pfoser, Dieter
Reia, Sandro Martinelli
Taylor, Doug
Uppalapati, Mauryan
Wang, Boyu
Wenk, Carola
Züfle, Andreas
author_facet Algama, Chanuka
Anderson, Taylor
de Arruda, Henrique Ferraz
Crooks, Andrew
Holt, Nathan
Sereshgi, Erfan Hosseini
Hunter, John
Kavak, Hamdi
Kennedy, Lance
Liu, Yueyang
Pfoser, Dieter
Reia, Sandro Martinelli
Taylor, Doug
Uppalapati, Mauryan
Wang, Boyu
Wenk, Carola
Züfle, Andreas
contents We introduce SF-LIFE, a large-scale simulated movement dataset designed to accelerate research in transportation, mobility, and machine learning. The dataset contains 3,024,000,000,000 location records capturing complete, noise-free, multi-modality trajectories of 500,000 simulated agents observed at a 1Hz frequency navigating the San Francisco Bay Area network over a 70-day period. The data captures (1) needs-driven daily agendas of individual agents generated by an agent-based simulation of human patterns of life and (2) detailed kinematic trajectories moving agents across the OpenStreetMap representation of San Francisco using data from 40+ transit agencies across 9 counties. SF-LIFE provides unprecedented scale and detail as trajectories are based on real transit infrastructure using San Francisco General Transit Feed Specification (GTFS) data, having agent movements across multiple modalities, including bus, rail, bike, automobile, and walking. For this high-fidelity simulated representation of San Francisco, we provide (1) the full trajectory data annotated with transportation mode labels, (2) reduced-size versions of the trajectory data with reduced temporal frequency, (3) agent activity information describing the causal activity why an agent visits a place, (4) agent demographic data, and (5) the underlying OSM road network and building data. As the first dataset of its scale and level of detail, SF-LIFE overcomes the privacy, noise, and completeness limitations inherent in real-world tracking data, providing a robust and ethically sourced resource for research in transit optimization, human mobility analysis, and urban computing.
format Preprint
id arxiv_https___arxiv_org_abs_2606_00430
institution arXiv
publishDate 2026
record_format arxiv
spellingShingle SF-LIFE: A Large-Scale Simulated Movement Dataset for the San Francisco Bay Area
Algama, Chanuka
Anderson, Taylor
de Arruda, Henrique Ferraz
Crooks, Andrew
Holt, Nathan
Sereshgi, Erfan Hosseini
Hunter, John
Kavak, Hamdi
Kennedy, Lance
Liu, Yueyang
Pfoser, Dieter
Reia, Sandro Martinelli
Taylor, Doug
Uppalapati, Mauryan
Wang, Boyu
Wenk, Carola
Züfle, Andreas
Physics and Society
Computers and Society
Databases
We introduce SF-LIFE, a large-scale simulated movement dataset designed to accelerate research in transportation, mobility, and machine learning. The dataset contains 3,024,000,000,000 location records capturing complete, noise-free, multi-modality trajectories of 500,000 simulated agents observed at a 1Hz frequency navigating the San Francisco Bay Area network over a 70-day period. The data captures (1) needs-driven daily agendas of individual agents generated by an agent-based simulation of human patterns of life and (2) detailed kinematic trajectories moving agents across the OpenStreetMap representation of San Francisco using data from 40+ transit agencies across 9 counties. SF-LIFE provides unprecedented scale and detail as trajectories are based on real transit infrastructure using San Francisco General Transit Feed Specification (GTFS) data, having agent movements across multiple modalities, including bus, rail, bike, automobile, and walking. For this high-fidelity simulated representation of San Francisco, we provide (1) the full trajectory data annotated with transportation mode labels, (2) reduced-size versions of the trajectory data with reduced temporal frequency, (3) agent activity information describing the causal activity why an agent visits a place, (4) agent demographic data, and (5) the underlying OSM road network and building data. As the first dataset of its scale and level of detail, SF-LIFE overcomes the privacy, noise, and completeness limitations inherent in real-world tracking data, providing a robust and ethically sourced resource for research in transit optimization, human mobility analysis, and urban computing.
title SF-LIFE: A Large-Scale Simulated Movement Dataset for the San Francisco Bay Area
topic Physics and Society
Computers and Society
Databases
url https://arxiv.org/abs/2606.00430