Proton High-Order Cumulants in Au+Au Collisions at High Baryon Density from JAM with a Centrality-Independent Framework
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| Autores principales: | , , , |
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| Formato: | Preprint |
| Publicado: |
2026
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| _version_ | 1866917550471774208 |
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| author | Xu, Yongcong Wang, Zhaohui Zhang, Yu Luo, Xiaofeng |
| author_facet | Xu, Yongcong Wang, Zhaohui Zhang, Yu Luo, Xiaofeng |
| contents | The event-by-event higher-order cumulants of conserved quantities such as net-baryon, net-electric charge, and net-strangeness in heavy-ion collisions have been extensively utilized in experimental searches for the QCD critical point, notably in the RHIC-STAR experiment. In this study, we conduct a systematic analysis of higher-order cumulants of proton number distributions in Au+Au collisions at center-of-mass energies of $\sqrt{s_{\rm NN}} = 3.2$, $3.5$, $3.9$, and $4.5$ GeV using the JAM model. We calculate cumulants, factorial cumulants, and their ratios using a novel method, Centrality-Independent Genuine Cumulant Analysis fRamework (CIGAR), which effectively eliminates initial volume fluctuations. We comprehensively compare the CIGAR method with the traditional Centrality Bin Width Correction (CBWC) method. In addition, the effect of spectators on cumulant is systematically investigated. Our results provide a dynamic non-critical baseline in the high-baryon-density regime which is crucial for QCD critical point searches in heavy-ion collisions. |
| format | Preprint |
| id |
arxiv_https___arxiv_org_abs_2606_00786 |
| institution | arXiv |
| publishDate | 2026 |
| record_format | arxiv |
| spellingShingle | Proton High-Order Cumulants in Au+Au Collisions at High Baryon Density from JAM with a Centrality-Independent Framework Xu, Yongcong Wang, Zhaohui Zhang, Yu Luo, Xiaofeng Data Analysis, Statistics and Probability High Energy Physics - Experiment Nuclear Experiment Nuclear Theory The event-by-event higher-order cumulants of conserved quantities such as net-baryon, net-electric charge, and net-strangeness in heavy-ion collisions have been extensively utilized in experimental searches for the QCD critical point, notably in the RHIC-STAR experiment. In this study, we conduct a systematic analysis of higher-order cumulants of proton number distributions in Au+Au collisions at center-of-mass energies of $\sqrt{s_{\rm NN}} = 3.2$, $3.5$, $3.9$, and $4.5$ GeV using the JAM model. We calculate cumulants, factorial cumulants, and their ratios using a novel method, Centrality-Independent Genuine Cumulant Analysis fRamework (CIGAR), which effectively eliminates initial volume fluctuations. We comprehensively compare the CIGAR method with the traditional Centrality Bin Width Correction (CBWC) method. In addition, the effect of spectators on cumulant is systematically investigated. Our results provide a dynamic non-critical baseline in the high-baryon-density regime which is crucial for QCD critical point searches in heavy-ion collisions. |
| title | Proton High-Order Cumulants in Au+Au Collisions at High Baryon Density from JAM with a Centrality-Independent Framework |
| topic | Data Analysis, Statistics and Probability High Energy Physics - Experiment Nuclear Experiment Nuclear Theory |
| url | https://arxiv.org/abs/2606.00786 |