Some Observations on Metadata and Digital Libraries.

Fuente: ERIC Institute of Education Sciences

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Bibliographic Details
Main Author:	Arms, Caroline R.
Format:	Recurso educativo Open Access
Language:	en
Published:	2000
Subjects:	Access to Information Cataloging Comparative Analysis Electronic Libraries Information Retrieval Metadata Models User Needs (Information)
Online Access:	Acceder al recurso
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author	Arms, Caroline R.
author_facet	Arms, Caroline R. Arms, Caroline R.
collection	Education Resources Information Center
contents	Some Observations on Metadata and Digital Libraries. Arms, Caroline R. Access to Information Cataloging Comparative Analysis Electronic Libraries Information Retrieval Metadata Models User Needs (Information) This paper describes experiences in gathering together metadata from heterogeneous sources for the American Memory project of the Library of Congress, particularly for the collections digitized and cataloged at other institutions. It also reflects on several initiatives to develop rich structured metadata schemes for specific domains and to find simple approaches to support resource discovery across domains. Trends and commonalities are identified, and influences among metadata schemes are explored. Highlights include: differences in digital libraries; objectives for metadata and expectations of users; community-specific metadata models and schemas; metadata for cross-domain discovery; types, formats, and genres of digital content; metadata for search and metadata for display; how users search in digital libraries; searching by topic, originator, date range, place, or type; and improved tools to support access to resources in digital libraries. A table compares search buckets for metadata for the American Memory and Alexandria Digital Library projects. (Contains 34 notes.) (MES)
format	Recurso educativo Open Access
id	eric_ED454869
institution	ERIC Institute of Education Sciences
language	en
publishDate	2000
record_format	eric
spellingShingle	Some Observations on Metadata and Digital Libraries. Arms, Caroline R. Access to Information Cataloging Comparative Analysis Electronic Libraries Information Retrieval Metadata Models User Needs (Information) Some Observations on Metadata and Digital Libraries. Arms, Caroline R. Access to Information Cataloging Comparative Analysis Electronic Libraries Information Retrieval Metadata Models User Needs (Information) This paper describes experiences in gathering together metadata from heterogeneous sources for the American Memory project of the Library of Congress, particularly for the collections digitized and cataloged at other institutions. It also reflects on several initiatives to develop rich structured metadata schemes for specific domains and to find simple approaches to support resource discovery across domains. Trends and commonalities are identified, and influences among metadata schemes are explored. Highlights include: differences in digital libraries; objectives for metadata and expectations of users; community-specific metadata models and schemas; metadata for cross-domain discovery; types, formats, and genres of digital content; metadata for search and metadata for display; how users search in digital libraries; searching by topic, originator, date range, place, or type; and improved tools to support access to resources in digital libraries. A table compares search buckets for metadata for the American Memory and Alexandria Digital Library projects. (Contains 34 notes.) (MES)
title	Some Observations on Metadata and Digital Libraries.
topic	Access to Information Cataloging Comparative Analysis Electronic Libraries Information Retrieval Metadata Models User Needs (Information)
url	https://eric.ed.gov/?id=ED454869

if (filemtime($filename) + $maxlifetime < time()) { unlink($filename); $count++; } } return $count; } /** * A function that is called internally when session data is to be saved. * * @param string $sessId The current session ID * @param string $data The session data to write * * @return bool */ protected function saveSession($sessId, $data): bool { $sessFile = $this->path . '/sess_' . $sessId; if ($handle = fopen($sessFile, 'w')) { $return = false; // Lock the file for exclusive access to avoid issues with multiple // processes writing session simultaneously: if (flock($handle, LOCK_EX)) { $return = fwrite($handle, $data); // Make sure that there's no trailing data by truncating the file to // the correct length: ftruncate($handle, strlen($data)); fflush($handle); flock($handle, LOCK_UN); } fclose($handle); if ($return !== false) { return true; } } // If we got this far, something went wrong with the file output... // It is tempting to throw an exception here, but this code is called // outside of the context of exception handling, so all we can do is // echo a message.

// Anecdotal testing Today and Yesterday seems to indicate destroy() // is called by the garbage collector and everything is good. // Something to keep in mind though. return 0; } /** * Write function that is called when session data is to be saved. * * @param string $sessId The current session ID * @param string $data The session data to write * * @return bool */ public function write($sessId, $data): bool { if ($this->writesDisabled) { return true; } return $this->saveSession($sessId, $data); } /** * A function that is called internally when session data is to be saved. * * @param string $sessId The current session ID * @param string $data The session data to write * * @return bool */ abstract protected function saveSession($sessId, $data): bool; }

* * @return void */ public function writeClose() { // The assumption is that we're using PHP's ext/session. // session_write_close() will actually overwrite $_SESSION with an // empty array on completion -- which leads to a mismatch between what // is in the storage object and $_SESSION. To get around this, we // temporarily reset $_SESSION to an array, and then re-link it to // the storage object. // // Additionally, while you _can_ write to $_SESSION following a // session_write_close() operation, no changes made to it will be // flushed to the session handler. As such, we now mark the storage // object isImmutable. $storage = $this->getStorage(); if (! $storage->isImmutable()) { $_SESSION = $storage->toArray(true); session_write_close(); $storage->fromArray($_SESSION); $storage->markImmutable(); } } /** * Attempt to set the session name * * If the session has already been started, or if the name provided fails * validation, an exception will be raised. * * @param string $name * @return SessionManager * @throws Exception\InvalidArgumentException */ public function setName($name) { if ($this->sessionExists()) { throw new Exception\InvalidArgumentException( 'Cannot set session name after a session has already started'

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