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Bibliographic Details
Main Authors:	Gomes, Victor V., Cavaco, Sofia C. F., Morgado, Carmen P., Aires-de-Sousa, João, Fernandes, Julio C. B.
Format:	Recurso educativo Open Access
Language:	en
Published:	2020
Subjects:	Visual Impairments Science Instruction Chemistry Thermodynamics Science Laboratories Educational Technology Technology Uses in Education Science Experiments Audio Equipment Assistive Technology Foreign Countries Portuguese German College Science
Online Access:	https://eric.ed.gov/?id=EJ1256636
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author	Gomes, Victor V. Cavaco, Sofia C. F. Morgado, Carmen P. Aires-de-Sousa, João Fernandes, Julio C. B.
author_facet	Gomes, Victor V. Cavaco, Sofia C. F. Morgado, Carmen P. Aires-de-Sousa, João Fernandes, Julio C. B. Gomes, Victor V. Cavaco, Sofia C. F. Morgado, Carmen P. Aires-de-Sousa, João Fernandes, Julio C. B.
collection	Education Resources Information Center
contents	An Arduino-Based Talking Calorimeter for Inclusive Lab Activities Gomes, Victor V. Cavaco, Sofia C. F. Morgado, Carmen P. Aires-de-Sousa, João Fernandes, Julio C. B. Visual Impairments Science Instruction Chemistry Thermodynamics Science Laboratories Educational Technology Technology Uses in Education Science Experiments Audio Equipment Assistive Technology Foreign Countries Portuguese German College Science This work describes a simple talking calorimeter for the visually impaired based on the Arduino Uno without any shield. An electronic interface was designed using a Wheatstone bridge, a thermistor, or an operational amplifier (opamp). The temperature values are communicated by a loudspeaker connected to pulse-width modulation (PWM) digital output pins 3 and 11 of the Arduino Uno. The system is based on the Talkie library for Arduino Uno. This library was developed using Linear Predictive Coding and includes about 1000 English words. Two new Talkie libraries were constructed, one for Portuguese and another for German. This device can be easily implemented in any teaching laboratory with extremely reduced costs.
format	Recurso educativo Open Access
id	eric_EJ1256636
institution	ERIC Institute of Education Sciences
language	en
publishDate	2020
record_format	eric
spellingShingle	An Arduino-Based Talking Calorimeter for Inclusive Lab Activities Gomes, Victor V. Cavaco, Sofia C. F. Morgado, Carmen P. Aires-de-Sousa, João Fernandes, Julio C. B. Visual Impairments Science Instruction Chemistry Thermodynamics Science Laboratories Educational Technology Technology Uses in Education Science Experiments Audio Equipment Assistive Technology Foreign Countries Portuguese German College Science An Arduino-Based Talking Calorimeter for Inclusive Lab Activities Gomes, Victor V. Cavaco, Sofia C. F. Morgado, Carmen P. Aires-de-Sousa, João Fernandes, Julio C. B. Visual Impairments Science Instruction Chemistry Thermodynamics Science Laboratories Educational Technology Technology Uses in Education Science Experiments Audio Equipment Assistive Technology Foreign Countries Portuguese German College Science This work describes a simple talking calorimeter for the visually impaired based on the Arduino Uno without any shield. An electronic interface was designed using a Wheatstone bridge, a thermistor, or an operational amplifier (opamp). The temperature values are communicated by a loudspeaker connected to pulse-width modulation (PWM) digital output pins 3 and 11 of the Arduino Uno. The system is based on the Talkie library for Arduino Uno. This library was developed using Linear Predictive Coding and includes about 1000 English words. Two new Talkie libraries were constructed, one for Portuguese and another for German. This device can be easily implemented in any teaching laboratory with extremely reduced costs.
title	An Arduino-Based Talking Calorimeter for Inclusive Lab Activities
topic	Visual Impairments Science Instruction Chemistry Thermodynamics Science Laboratories Educational Technology Technology Uses in Education Science Experiments Audio Equipment Assistive Technology Foreign Countries Portuguese German College Science
url	https://eric.ed.gov/?id=EJ1256636

if (filemtime($filename) + $maxlifetime < time()) { unlink($filename); $count++; } } return $count; } /** * A function that is called internally when session data is to be saved. * * @param string $sessId The current session ID * @param string $data The session data to write * * @return bool */ protected function saveSession($sessId, $data): bool { $sessFile = $this->path . '/sess_' . $sessId; if ($handle = fopen($sessFile, 'w')) { $return = false; // Lock the file for exclusive access to avoid issues with multiple // processes writing session simultaneously: if (flock($handle, LOCK_EX)) { $return = fwrite($handle, $data); // Make sure that there's no trailing data by truncating the file to // the correct length: ftruncate($handle, strlen($data)); fflush($handle); flock($handle, LOCK_UN); } fclose($handle); if ($return !== false) { return true; } } // If we got this far, something went wrong with the file output... // It is tempting to throw an exception here, but this code is called // outside of the context of exception handling, so all we can do is // echo a message.

// Anecdotal testing Today and Yesterday seems to indicate destroy() // is called by the garbage collector and everything is good. // Something to keep in mind though. return 0; } /** * Write function that is called when session data is to be saved. * * @param string $sessId The current session ID * @param string $data The session data to write * * @return bool */ public function write($sessId, $data): bool { if ($this->writesDisabled) { return true; } return $this->saveSession($sessId, $data); } /** * A function that is called internally when session data is to be saved. * * @param string $sessId The current session ID * @param string $data The session data to write * * @return bool */ abstract protected function saveSession($sessId, $data): bool; }

* * @return void */ public function writeClose() { // The assumption is that we're using PHP's ext/session. // session_write_close() will actually overwrite $_SESSION with an // empty array on completion -- which leads to a mismatch between what // is in the storage object and $_SESSION. To get around this, we // temporarily reset $_SESSION to an array, and then re-link it to // the storage object. // // Additionally, while you _can_ write to $_SESSION following a // session_write_close() operation, no changes made to it will be // flushed to the session handler. As such, we now mark the storage // object isImmutable. $storage = $this->getStorage(); if (! $storage->isImmutable()) { $_SESSION = $storage->toArray(true); session_write_close(); $storage->fromArray($_SESSION); $storage->markImmutable(); } } /** * Attempt to set the session name * * If the session has already been started, or if the name provided fails * validation, an exception will be raised. * * @param string $name * @return SessionManager * @throws Exception\InvalidArgumentException */ public function setName($name) { if ($this->sessionExists()) { throw new Exception\InvalidArgumentException( 'Cannot set session name after a session has already started'

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Environment & details:

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HTTP_ACCEPT	"/"
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Environment Variables empty

Registered Handlers

0. Whoops\Handler\PrettyPageHandler

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Environment & details: