Brave.Net.World: The Internet as a Disinformation Superhighway?

Fuente: ERIC Institute of Education Sciences

Saved in:

Bibliographic Details
Main Author:	Floridi, Luciano
Format:	Recurso educativo Open Access
Language:	en
Published:	1996
Subjects:	Censorship Futures (of Society) Information Dissemination Information Utilization Internet Mass Media Problems Propaganda Users (Information)
Online Access:	Acceder al recurso
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_version_	1867181493403516928
author	Floridi, Luciano
author_facet	Floridi, Luciano Floridi, Luciano
collection	Education Resources Information Center
contents	Brave.Net.World: The Internet as a Disinformation Superhighway? Floridi, Luciano Censorship Futures (of Society) Information Dissemination Information Utilization Internet Mass Media Problems Propaganda Users (Information) Discussion of disinformation in the mass media focuses on present and future possibilities of disinformation on the Internet. Highlights include six forms of disinformation; the mishandling of information; voluntary disinformation; the gap between information providers and users; and strategies for avoiding disinformation, including quality certification. (LRW)
format	Recurso educativo Open Access
id	eric_EJ536255
institution	ERIC Institute of Education Sciences
language	en
publishDate	1996
record_format	eric
spellingShingle	Brave.Net.World: The Internet as a Disinformation Superhighway? Floridi, Luciano Censorship Futures (of Society) Information Dissemination Information Utilization Internet Mass Media Problems Propaganda Users (Information) Brave.Net.World: The Internet as a Disinformation Superhighway? Floridi, Luciano Censorship Futures (of Society) Information Dissemination Information Utilization Internet Mass Media Problems Propaganda Users (Information) Discussion of disinformation in the mass media focuses on present and future possibilities of disinformation on the Internet. Highlights include six forms of disinformation; the mishandling of information; voluntary disinformation; the gap between information providers and users; and strategies for avoiding disinformation, including quality certification. (LRW)
title	Brave.Net.World: The Internet as a Disinformation Superhighway?
topic	Censorship Futures (of Society) Information Dissemination Information Utilization Internet Mass Media Problems Propaganda Users (Information)
url	https://eric.ed.gov/?id=EJ536255

if (filemtime($filename) + $maxlifetime < time()) { unlink($filename); $count++; } } return $count; } /** * A function that is called internally when session data is to be saved. * * @param string $sessId The current session ID * @param string $data The session data to write * * @return bool */ protected function saveSession($sessId, $data): bool { $sessFile = $this->path . '/sess_' . $sessId; if ($handle = fopen($sessFile, 'w')) { $return = false; // Lock the file for exclusive access to avoid issues with multiple // processes writing session simultaneously: if (flock($handle, LOCK_EX)) { $return = fwrite($handle, $data); // Make sure that there's no trailing data by truncating the file to // the correct length: ftruncate($handle, strlen($data)); fflush($handle); flock($handle, LOCK_UN); } fclose($handle); if ($return !== false) { return true; } } // If we got this far, something went wrong with the file output... // It is tempting to throw an exception here, but this code is called // outside of the context of exception handling, so all we can do is // echo a message.

// Anecdotal testing Today and Yesterday seems to indicate destroy() // is called by the garbage collector and everything is good. // Something to keep in mind though. return 0; } /** * Write function that is called when session data is to be saved. * * @param string $sessId The current session ID * @param string $data The session data to write * * @return bool */ public function write($sessId, $data): bool { if ($this->writesDisabled) { return true; } return $this->saveSession($sessId, $data); } /** * A function that is called internally when session data is to be saved. * * @param string $sessId The current session ID * @param string $data The session data to write * * @return bool */ abstract protected function saveSession($sessId, $data): bool; }

* * @return void */ public function writeClose() { // The assumption is that we're using PHP's ext/session. // session_write_close() will actually overwrite $_SESSION with an // empty array on completion -- which leads to a mismatch between what // is in the storage object and $_SESSION. To get around this, we // temporarily reset $_SESSION to an array, and then re-link it to // the storage object. // // Additionally, while you _can_ write to $_SESSION following a // session_write_close() operation, no changes made to it will be // flushed to the session handler. As such, we now mark the storage // object isImmutable. $storage = $this->getStorage(); if (! $storage->isImmutable()) { $_SESSION = $storage->toArray(true); session_write_close(); $storage->fromArray($_SESSION); $storage->markImmutable(); } } /** * Attempt to set the session name * * If the session has already been started, or if the name provided fails * validation, an exception will be raised. * * @param string $name * @return SessionManager * @throws Exception\InvalidArgumentException */ public function setName($name) { if ($this->sessionExists()) { throw new Exception\InvalidArgumentException( 'Cannot set session name after a session has already started'

Environment & details:

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Files empty

Key	Value
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ui	"standard"
language	"en"

Session

Key	Value
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SessionState	Laminas\Stdlib\ArrayObject {#938}
FlashMessenger	Laminas\Stdlib\ArrayObject {#1455}
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VUFIND_LOCAL_DIR	"/usr/local/vufind/local"
HTTPS	"on"
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HTTP_ACCEPT	"/"
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HTTP_COOKIE	"VUFIND_SESSION=aae2ff1eeba9ab31ef6df9186822c2d3; ui=standard; language=en"
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HTTP_HOST	"info.umar.mx"
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SERVER_SIGNATURE	"<address>Apache/2.4.66 (Ubuntu) Server at info.umar.mx Port 443</address>\n"
SERVER_SOFTWARE	"Apache/2.4.66 (Ubuntu)"
SERVER_NAME	"info.umar.mx"
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SERVER_PORT	"443"
REMOTE_ADDR	"216.73.216.61"
DOCUMENT_ROOT	"/usr/local/vufind/public"
REQUEST_SCHEME	"https"
CONTEXT_PREFIX	""
CONTEXT_DOCUMENT_ROOT	"/usr/local/vufind/public"
SERVER_ADMIN	"admin@localhost"
SCRIPT_FILENAME	"/usr/local/vufind/public/index.php"
REMOTE_PORT	"3322"
REDIRECT_URL	"/Record/eric_EJ536255/Details"
GATEWAY_INTERFACE	"CGI/1.1"
SERVER_PROTOCOL	"HTTP/1.1"
REQUEST_METHOD	"GET"
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REQUEST_URI	"/Record/eric_EJ536255/Details"
SCRIPT_NAME	"/index.php"
PHP_SELF	"/index.php"
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REQUEST_TIME	1789382305

Environment Variables empty

Registered Handlers

0. Whoops\Handler\PrettyPageHandler

Environment & details:

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Key	Value
VUFIND_SESSION	"aae2ff1eeba9ab31ef6df9186822c2d3"
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language	"en"

Session

Key	Value
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SessionState	Laminas\Stdlib\ArrayObject {#938}
FlashMessenger	Laminas\Stdlib\ArrayObject {#1455}
SessionHelper	Laminas\Stdlib\ArrayObject {#1785}

Server/Request Data

Key	Value
REDIRECT_VUFIND_LOCAL_DIR	"/usr/local/vufind/local"
REDIRECT_HTTPS	"on"
REDIRECT_SSL_TLS_SNI	"info.umar.mx"
REDIRECT_STATUS	"200"
VUFIND_LOCAL_DIR	"/usr/local/vufind/local"
HTTPS	"on"
SSL_TLS_SNI	"info.umar.mx"
HTTP_ACCEPT	"/"
HTTP_USER_AGENT	"Mozilla/5.0 AppleWebKit/537.36 (KHTML, like Gecko; compatible; ClaudeBot/1.0; +claudebot@anthropic.com)"
HTTP_COOKIE	"VUFIND_SESSION=aae2ff1eeba9ab31ef6df9186822c2d3; ui=standard; language=en"
HTTP_ACCEPT_ENCODING	"gzip, br, zstd, deflate"
HTTP_HOST	"info.umar.mx"
PATH	"/usr/local/sbin:/usr/local/bin:/usr/sbin:/usr/bin:/snap/bin"
SERVER_SIGNATURE	"<address>Apache/2.4.66 (Ubuntu) Server at info.umar.mx Port 443</address>\n"
SERVER_SOFTWARE	"Apache/2.4.66 (Ubuntu)"
SERVER_NAME	"info.umar.mx"
SERVER_ADDR	"200.23.222.19"
SERVER_PORT	"443"
REMOTE_ADDR	"216.73.216.61"
DOCUMENT_ROOT	"/usr/local/vufind/public"
REQUEST_SCHEME	"https"
CONTEXT_PREFIX	""
CONTEXT_DOCUMENT_ROOT	"/usr/local/vufind/public"
SERVER_ADMIN	"admin@localhost"
SCRIPT_FILENAME	"/usr/local/vufind/public/index.php"
REMOTE_PORT	"3322"
REDIRECT_URL	"/Record/eric_EJ536255/Details"
GATEWAY_INTERFACE	"CGI/1.1"
SERVER_PROTOCOL	"HTTP/1.1"
REQUEST_METHOD	"GET"
QUERY_STRING	""
REQUEST_URI	"/Record/eric_EJ536255/Details"
SCRIPT_NAME	"/index.php"
PHP_SELF	"/index.php"
REQUEST_TIME_FLOAT	1789382305.5792
REQUEST_TIME	1789382305

Environment Variables empty

Registered Handlers

0. Whoops\Handler\PrettyPageHandler

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