From Magicians to Teachers: The Development of Electronic Reference in Libraries: 1930-2000.

Fuente: ERIC Institute of Education Sciences

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Bibliographic Details
Main Author:	Straw, Joseph E.
Format:	Recurso educativo Open Access
Language:	en
Published:	2001
Subjects:	Access to Information CD ROMs Change Agents Electronic Libraries Library Services Reference Services Search Intermediaries Users (Information)
Online Access:	Acceder al recurso
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author	Straw, Joseph E.
author_facet	Straw, Joseph E. Straw, Joseph E.
collection	Education Resources Information Center
contents	From Magicians to Teachers: The Development of Electronic Reference in Libraries: 1930-2000. Straw, Joseph E. Access to Information CD ROMs Change Agents Electronic Libraries Library Services Reference Services Search Intermediaries Users (Information) Discusses electronic reference in libraries and how it has changed over the years with changes in computer technology. Explains technical background and history as well as library and reference impact for three stages in the development of electronic reference: the need for search intermediaries, the emergence of CD-ROMs, and user access to electronic resources. (LRW)
format	Recurso educativo Open Access
id	eric_EJ666501
institution	ERIC Institute of Education Sciences
language	en
publishDate	2001
record_format	eric
spellingShingle	From Magicians to Teachers: The Development of Electronic Reference in Libraries: 1930-2000. Straw, Joseph E. Access to Information CD ROMs Change Agents Electronic Libraries Library Services Reference Services Search Intermediaries Users (Information) From Magicians to Teachers: The Development of Electronic Reference in Libraries: 1930-2000. Straw, Joseph E. Access to Information CD ROMs Change Agents Electronic Libraries Library Services Reference Services Search Intermediaries Users (Information) Discusses electronic reference in libraries and how it has changed over the years with changes in computer technology. Explains technical background and history as well as library and reference impact for three stages in the development of electronic reference: the need for search intermediaries, the emergence of CD-ROMs, and user access to electronic resources. (LRW)
title	From Magicians to Teachers: The Development of Electronic Reference in Libraries: 1930-2000.
topic	Access to Information CD ROMs Change Agents Electronic Libraries Library Services Reference Services Search Intermediaries Users (Information)
url	https://eric.ed.gov/?id=EJ666501

if (filemtime($filename) + $maxlifetime < time()) { unlink($filename); $count++; } } return $count; } /** * A function that is called internally when session data is to be saved. * * @param string $sessId The current session ID * @param string $data The session data to write * * @return bool */ protected function saveSession($sessId, $data): bool { $sessFile = $this->path . '/sess_' . $sessId; if ($handle = fopen($sessFile, 'w')) { $return = false; // Lock the file for exclusive access to avoid issues with multiple // processes writing session simultaneously: if (flock($handle, LOCK_EX)) { $return = fwrite($handle, $data); // Make sure that there's no trailing data by truncating the file to // the correct length: ftruncate($handle, strlen($data)); fflush($handle); flock($handle, LOCK_UN); } fclose($handle); if ($return !== false) { return true; } } // If we got this far, something went wrong with the file output... // It is tempting to throw an exception here, but this code is called // outside of the context of exception handling, so all we can do is // echo a message.

// Anecdotal testing Today and Yesterday seems to indicate destroy() // is called by the garbage collector and everything is good. // Something to keep in mind though. return 0; } /** * Write function that is called when session data is to be saved. * * @param string $sessId The current session ID * @param string $data The session data to write * * @return bool */ public function write($sessId, $data): bool { if ($this->writesDisabled) { return true; } return $this->saveSession($sessId, $data); } /** * A function that is called internally when session data is to be saved. * * @param string $sessId The current session ID * @param string $data The session data to write * * @return bool */ abstract protected function saveSession($sessId, $data): bool; }

* * @return void */ public function writeClose() { // The assumption is that we're using PHP's ext/session. // session_write_close() will actually overwrite $_SESSION with an // empty array on completion -- which leads to a mismatch between what // is in the storage object and $_SESSION. To get around this, we // temporarily reset $_SESSION to an array, and then re-link it to // the storage object. // // Additionally, while you _can_ write to $_SESSION following a // session_write_close() operation, no changes made to it will be // flushed to the session handler. As such, we now mark the storage // object isImmutable. $storage = $this->getStorage(); if (! $storage->isImmutable()) { $_SESSION = $storage->toArray(true); session_write_close(); $storage->fromArray($_SESSION); $storage->markImmutable(); } } /** * Attempt to set the session name * * If the session has already been started, or if the name provided fails * validation, an exception will be raised. * * @param string $name * @return SessionManager * @throws Exception\InvalidArgumentException */ public function setName($name) { if ($this->sessionExists()) { throw new Exception\InvalidArgumentException( 'Cannot set session name after a session has already started'

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