Seawater carbonate chemistry and processes during experiments with a coral community, 2008
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| Format: | Dataset Open Access |
| Langue: | en |
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PANGAEA
2008
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| _version_ | 1867170899946373120 |
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| author | Anthony, Kenneth R N Kline, David I Diaz-Pulido, Guillermo Dove, Sophie Hoegh-Guldberg, Ove |
| author_facet | Anthony, Kenneth R N Kline, David I Diaz-Pulido, Guillermo Dove, Sophie Hoegh-Guldberg, Ove |
| collection | Datos científicos de ciencias marinas y ambientales |
| contents | Ocean acidification represents a key threat to coral reefs by reducing the calcification rate of framework builders. In addition, acidification is likely to affect the relationship between corals and their symbiotic dinoflagellates and the productivity of this association. However, little is known about how acidification impacts on the physiology of reef builders and how acidification interacts with warming. Here, we report on an 8-week study that compared bleaching, productivity, and calcification responses of crustose coralline algae (CCA) and branching (Acropora) and massive (Porites) coral species in response to acidification and warming. Using a 30-tank experimental system, we manipulated CO2 levels to simulate doubling and three- to fourfold increases [Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC) projection categories IV and VI] relative to present-day levels under cool and warm scenarios. Results indicated that high CO2 is a bleaching agent for corals and CCA under high irradiance, acting synergistically with warming to lower thermal bleaching thresholds. We propose that CO2 induces bleaching via its impact on photoprotective mechanisms of the photosystems. Overall, acidification impacted more strongly on bleaching and productivity than on calcification. Interestingly, the intermediate, warm CO2 scenario led to a 30% increase in productivity in Acropora, whereas high CO2 lead to zero productivity in both corals. CCA were most sensitive to acidification, with high CO2 leading to negative productivity and high rates of net dissolution. Our findings suggest that sensitive reef-building species such as CCA may be pushed beyond their thresholds for growth and survival within the next few decades whereas corals will show delayed and mixed responses. |
| format | Dataset Open Access |
| id | pangaea_https___doi_org_10_1594_PANGAEA_727744 |
| institution | PANGAEA |
| language | en |
| publishDate | 2008 |
| publisher | PANGAEA |
| record_format | pangaea |
| spellingShingle | Seawater carbonate chemistry and processes during experiments with a coral community, 2008 Anthony, Kenneth R N Kline, David I Diaz-Pulido, Guillermo Dove, Sophie Hoegh-Guldberg, Ove Acropora intermedia; Alkalinity, Gran titration (Gran, 1950); Alkalinity, total; Animalia; Anthony_etal_08; Aragonite saturation state; Benthic animals; Benthos; Bicarbonate ion; Bleaching; Buoyant weighing technique according to Davies (1989); Calcification/Dissolution; Calcification rate; Calcite saturation state; Calculated, see reference(s); Calculated using CO2SYS; Calculated using seacarb after Nisumaa et al. (2010); Carbon, inorganic, dissolved; Carbonate ion; Carbonate system computation flag; Carbon dioxide; Cnidaria; Coast and continental shelf; Containers and aquaria (20-1000 L or < 1 m**2); EPOCA; EUR-OCEANS; European network of excellence for Ocean Ecosystems Analysis; European Project on Ocean Acidification; EXP; Experiment; Fugacity of carbon dioxide (water) at sea surface temperature (wet air); Laboratory experiment; Macroalgae; Net productivity of oxygen; OA-ICC; Ocean acidification; Ocean Acidification International Coordination Centre; Other studied parameter or process; Partial pressure of carbon dioxide (water) at sea surface temperature (wet air); pH, seawater scale; pH, total scale; pH logger, MicroChem interface (TPS Australia); Plantae; Porites lobata; Porolithon onkodes; Primary production/Photosynthesis; Refractometer, Bellingham Stanley; Rhodophyta; Salinity; Single species; South Pacific; Temperate; Temperature; Temperature, water Ocean acidification represents a key threat to coral reefs by reducing the calcification rate of framework builders. In addition, acidification is likely to affect the relationship between corals and their symbiotic dinoflagellates and the productivity of this association. However, little is known about how acidification impacts on the physiology of reef builders and how acidification interacts with warming. Here, we report on an 8-week study that compared bleaching, productivity, and calcification responses of crustose coralline algae (CCA) and branching (Acropora) and massive (Porites) coral species in response to acidification and warming. Using a 30-tank experimental system, we manipulated CO2 levels to simulate doubling and three- to fourfold increases [Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC) projection categories IV and VI] relative to present-day levels under cool and warm scenarios. Results indicated that high CO2 is a bleaching agent for corals and CCA under high irradiance, acting synergistically with warming to lower thermal bleaching thresholds. We propose that CO2 induces bleaching via its impact on photoprotective mechanisms of the photosystems. Overall, acidification impacted more strongly on bleaching and productivity than on calcification. Interestingly, the intermediate, warm CO2 scenario led to a 30% increase in productivity in Acropora, whereas high CO2 lead to zero productivity in both corals. CCA were most sensitive to acidification, with high CO2 leading to negative productivity and high rates of net dissolution. Our findings suggest that sensitive reef-building species such as CCA may be pushed beyond their thresholds for growth and survival within the next few decades whereas corals will show delayed and mixed responses. |
| title | Seawater carbonate chemistry and processes during experiments with a coral community, 2008 |
| topic | Acropora intermedia; Alkalinity, Gran titration (Gran, 1950); Alkalinity, total; Animalia; Anthony_etal_08; Aragonite saturation state; Benthic animals; Benthos; Bicarbonate ion; Bleaching; Buoyant weighing technique according to Davies (1989); Calcification/Dissolution; Calcification rate; Calcite saturation state; Calculated, see reference(s); Calculated using CO2SYS; Calculated using seacarb after Nisumaa et al. (2010); Carbon, inorganic, dissolved; Carbonate ion; Carbonate system computation flag; Carbon dioxide; Cnidaria; Coast and continental shelf; Containers and aquaria (20-1000 L or < 1 m**2); EPOCA; EUR-OCEANS; European network of excellence for Ocean Ecosystems Analysis; European Project on Ocean Acidification; EXP; Experiment; Fugacity of carbon dioxide (water) at sea surface temperature (wet air); Laboratory experiment; Macroalgae; Net productivity of oxygen; OA-ICC; Ocean acidification; Ocean Acidification International Coordination Centre; Other studied parameter or process; Partial pressure of carbon dioxide (water) at sea surface temperature (wet air); pH, seawater scale; pH, total scale; pH logger, MicroChem interface (TPS Australia); Plantae; Porites lobata; Porolithon onkodes; Primary production/Photosynthesis; Refractometer, Bellingham Stanley; Rhodophyta; Salinity; Single species; South Pacific; Temperate; Temperature; Temperature, water |
| url | https://doi.org/10.1594/PANGAEA.727744 |