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| Format: | Dataset Open Access |
| Language: | en |
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PANGAEA
2011
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| Online Access: | https://doi.org/10.1594/PANGAEA.770088 |
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| _version_ | 1867169038809956352 |
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| author | Ries, Justin B |
| author_facet | Ries, Justin B |
| collection | Datos científicos de ciencias marinas y ambientales |
| contents | Increasing atmospheric pCO2 reduces the saturation state of seawater with respect to the aragonite, high-Mg calcite (Mg/Ca > 0.04), and low-Mg calcite (Mg/Ca < 0.04) minerals from which marine calcifiers build their shells and skeletons. Notably, these polymorphs of CaCO3 have different solubilities in seawater: aragonite is more soluble than pure calcite, and the solubility of calcite increases with its Mg-content. Although much recent progress has been made investigating the effects of CO2-induced ocean acidification on rates of biological calcification, considerable uncertainties remain regarding impacts on shell/skeletal polymorph mineralogy. To investigate this subject, eighteen species of marine calcifiers were reared for 60-days in seawater bubbled with air-CO2 mixtures of 409 ± 6, 606 ± 7, 903 ± 12, and 2856 ± 54 ppm pCO2, yielding aragonite saturation states of 2.5 ± 0.4, 2.0 ± 0.4, 1.5 ± 0.3, and 0.7 ± 0.2. Calcite/aragonite ratios within bimineralic calcifiers increased with increasing pCO2, but were invariant within monomineralic calcifiers. Calcite Mg/Ca ratios (Mg/CaC) also varied with atmospheric pCO2 for two of the five high-Mg-calcite-producing organisms, but not for the low-Mg-calcite-producing organisms. These results suggest that shell/skeletal mineralogy within some--but not all--marine calcifiers will change as atmospheric pCO2 continues rising as a result of fossil fuel combustion and deforestation. Paleoceanographic reconstructions of seawater Mg/Ca, temperature, and salinity from the Mg/CaC of well-preserved calcitic marine fossils may also be improved by accounting for the effects of paleo-atmospheric pCO2 on skeletal Mg-fractionation. |
| format | Dataset Open Access |
| id | pangaea_https___doi_org_10_1594_PANGAEA_770088 |
| institution | PANGAEA |
| language | en |
| publishDate | 2011 |
| publisher | PANGAEA |
| record_format | pangaea |
| spellingShingle | Seawater carbonate chemistry, calcification and dissolution response, and skeletal mineralogy of benthic orhanisms during experiments, 2011 Ries, Justin B Alkalinity, Gran titration (Gran, 1950); Alkalinity, total; Alkalinity, total, standard deviation; Animalia; Aragonite saturation state; Aragonite saturation state, standard deviation; Arbacia punctulata; Argopecten irradians; Arthropoda; Benthic animals; Benthos; Bicarbonate ion; Calcification/Dissolution; Calcification response; Calcite, magnesium/calcium ratio; Calcite, magnesium/calcium ratio, standard deviation; Calcite/Aragonite, standard deviation; Calcite/Aragonite ratio; Calcite saturation state; Calculated using CO2SYS; Calculated using seacarb after Nisumaa et al. (2010); Callinectes sapidus; Carbon, inorganic, dissolved; Carbon, inorganic, dissolved, standard deviation; Carbonate ion; Carbonate system computation flag; Carbon dioxide; Carbon dioxide, partial pressure, standard deviation; Chlorophyta; Cnidaria; Coast and continental shelf; Containers and aquaria (20-1000 L or < 1 m**2); Coverage, external organic layer; Crassostrea virginica; Crepidula fornicata; Dissolution exceeds calcification; Echinodermata; EPOCA; Eucidaris tribuloides; EUR-OCEANS; European network of excellence for Ocean Ecosystems Analysis; European Project on Ocean Acidification; Fugacity of carbon dioxide (water) at sea surface temperature (wet air); Halimeda incrassata; Homarus americanus; Hydroides crucigera; Identification; Laboratory experiment; Littorina littorea; Macroalgae; Mercenaria mercenaria; Mollusca; Mya arenaria; Mytilus edulis; Neogoniolithon sp.; North Atlantic; OA-ICC; Ocean acidification; Ocean Acidification International Coordination Centre; Oculina arbuscula; Partial-immersion mercury-glass thermometer; Partial pressure of carbon dioxide (water) at sea surface temperature (wet air); Penaeus plebejus; pH, NBS scale; pH, standard deviation; pH, total scale; pH meter (Orion); Plantae; Replicates; Rhodophyta; Salinity; Salinity, standard deviation; Salinometer, Guildline Instruments, 8400B Autosal; see reference(s); Single species; Species; Strombus alatus; Temperate; Temperature, standard deviation; Temperature, water; Urosalpinx cinerea Increasing atmospheric pCO2 reduces the saturation state of seawater with respect to the aragonite, high-Mg calcite (Mg/Ca > 0.04), and low-Mg calcite (Mg/Ca < 0.04) minerals from which marine calcifiers build their shells and skeletons. Notably, these polymorphs of CaCO3 have different solubilities in seawater: aragonite is more soluble than pure calcite, and the solubility of calcite increases with its Mg-content. Although much recent progress has been made investigating the effects of CO2-induced ocean acidification on rates of biological calcification, considerable uncertainties remain regarding impacts on shell/skeletal polymorph mineralogy. To investigate this subject, eighteen species of marine calcifiers were reared for 60-days in seawater bubbled with air-CO2 mixtures of 409 ± 6, 606 ± 7, 903 ± 12, and 2856 ± 54 ppm pCO2, yielding aragonite saturation states of 2.5 ± 0.4, 2.0 ± 0.4, 1.5 ± 0.3, and 0.7 ± 0.2. Calcite/aragonite ratios within bimineralic calcifiers increased with increasing pCO2, but were invariant within monomineralic calcifiers. Calcite Mg/Ca ratios (Mg/CaC) also varied with atmospheric pCO2 for two of the five high-Mg-calcite-producing organisms, but not for the low-Mg-calcite-producing organisms. These results suggest that shell/skeletal mineralogy within some--but not all--marine calcifiers will change as atmospheric pCO2 continues rising as a result of fossil fuel combustion and deforestation. Paleoceanographic reconstructions of seawater Mg/Ca, temperature, and salinity from the Mg/CaC of well-preserved calcitic marine fossils may also be improved by accounting for the effects of paleo-atmospheric pCO2 on skeletal Mg-fractionation. |
| title | Seawater carbonate chemistry, calcification and dissolution response, and skeletal mineralogy of benthic orhanisms during experiments, 2011 |
| topic | Alkalinity, Gran titration (Gran, 1950); Alkalinity, total; Alkalinity, total, standard deviation; Animalia; Aragonite saturation state; Aragonite saturation state, standard deviation; Arbacia punctulata; Argopecten irradians; Arthropoda; Benthic animals; Benthos; Bicarbonate ion; Calcification/Dissolution; Calcification response; Calcite, magnesium/calcium ratio; Calcite, magnesium/calcium ratio, standard deviation; Calcite/Aragonite, standard deviation; Calcite/Aragonite ratio; Calcite saturation state; Calculated using CO2SYS; Calculated using seacarb after Nisumaa et al. (2010); Callinectes sapidus; Carbon, inorganic, dissolved; Carbon, inorganic, dissolved, standard deviation; Carbonate ion; Carbonate system computation flag; Carbon dioxide; Carbon dioxide, partial pressure, standard deviation; Chlorophyta; Cnidaria; Coast and continental shelf; Containers and aquaria (20-1000 L or < 1 m**2); Coverage, external organic layer; Crassostrea virginica; Crepidula fornicata; Dissolution exceeds calcification; Echinodermata; EPOCA; Eucidaris tribuloides; EUR-OCEANS; European network of excellence for Ocean Ecosystems Analysis; European Project on Ocean Acidification; Fugacity of carbon dioxide (water) at sea surface temperature (wet air); Halimeda incrassata; Homarus americanus; Hydroides crucigera; Identification; Laboratory experiment; Littorina littorea; Macroalgae; Mercenaria mercenaria; Mollusca; Mya arenaria; Mytilus edulis; Neogoniolithon sp.; North Atlantic; OA-ICC; Ocean acidification; Ocean Acidification International Coordination Centre; Oculina arbuscula; Partial-immersion mercury-glass thermometer; Partial pressure of carbon dioxide (water) at sea surface temperature (wet air); Penaeus plebejus; pH, NBS scale; pH, standard deviation; pH, total scale; pH meter (Orion); Plantae; Replicates; Rhodophyta; Salinity; Salinity, standard deviation; Salinometer, Guildline Instruments, 8400B Autosal; see reference(s); Single species; Species; Strombus alatus; Temperate; Temperature, standard deviation; Temperature, water; Urosalpinx cinerea |
| url | https://doi.org/10.1594/PANGAEA.770088 |