Pollen and spores, calculated temperature and precipitation of IODP Hole 318-U1356A
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PANGAEA
2012
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| author | Pross, Jörg Contreras, Lineth Bijl, Peter K Greenwood, David R Bohaty, Steven M Schouten, Stefan Bendle, James A Röhl, Ursula Tauxe, Lisa Raine, J Ian Huck, Claire E van de Flierdt, Tina Jamieson, Stewart S R Stickley, Catherine E van de Schootbrugge, Bas Escutia Dotti, Carlota Brinkhuis, Henk IODP Expedition 318 Scientists |
| author_facet | Pross, Jörg Contreras, Lineth Bijl, Peter K Greenwood, David R Bohaty, Steven M Schouten, Stefan Bendle, James A Röhl, Ursula Tauxe, Lisa Raine, J Ian Huck, Claire E van de Flierdt, Tina Jamieson, Stewart S R Stickley, Catherine E van de Schootbrugge, Bas Escutia Dotti, Carlota Brinkhuis, Henk IODP Expedition 318 Scientists |
| collection | Datos científicos de ciencias marinas y ambientales |
| contents | The warmest global climates of the past 65 million years occurred during the early Eocene epoch (about 55 to 48 million years ago), when the Equator-to-pole temperature gradients were much smaller than today (doi:10.1130/0091-7613(1995)023<1044:ECCALT>2.3.CO;2, doi:10.1038/nature08399) and atmospheric carbon dioxide levels were in excess of one thousand parts per million by volume (doi:10.1016/j.gca.2003.09.002, doi:10.1038/ngeo1186). Recently the early Eocene has received considerable interest because it may provide insight into the response of Earth's climate and biosphere to the high atmospheric carbon dioxide levels that are expected in the near future (doi:10.1007/s10584-011-0156-z) as a consequence of unabated anthropogenic carbon emissions (doi:10.1038/ngeo1186, doi:10.1038/nature06588). Climatic conditions of the early Eocene 'greenhouse world', however, are poorly constrained in critical regions, particularly Antarctica. Here we present a well-dated record of early Eocene climate on Antarctica from an ocean sediment core recovered off the Wilkes Land coast of East Antarctica. The information from biotic climate proxies (pollen and spores) and independent organic geochemical climate proxies (indices based on branched tetraether lipids) yields quantitative, seasonal temperature reconstructions for the early Eocene greenhouse world on Antarctica. We show that the climate in lowland settings along the Wilkes Land coast (at a palaeolatitude of about 70° south) supported the growth of highly diverse, near-tropical forests characterized by mesothermal to megathermal floral elements including palms and Bombacoideae. Notably, winters were extremely mild (warmer than 10 °C) and essentially frost-free despite polar darkness, which provides a critical new constraint for the validation of climate models and for understanding the response of high-latitude terrestrial ecosystems to increased carbon dioxide forcing. |
| format | Dataset Open Access |
| id | pangaea_https___doi_org_10_1594_PANGAEA_786960 |
| institution | PANGAEA |
| language | en |
| publishDate | 2012 |
| publisher | PANGAEA |
| record_format | pangaea |
| spellingShingle | Pollen and spores, calculated temperature and precipitation of IODP Hole 318-U1356A Pross, Jörg Contreras, Lineth Bijl, Peter K Greenwood, David R Bohaty, Steven M Schouten, Stefan Bendle, James A Röhl, Ursula Tauxe, Lisa Raine, J Ian Huck, Claire E van de Flierdt, Tina Jamieson, Stewart S R Stickley, Catherine E van de Schootbrugge, Bas Escutia Dotti, Carlota Brinkhuis, Henk IODP Expedition 318 Scientists 318-U1356A; DRILL; Drilling/drill rig; Exp318; Integrated Ocean Drilling Program / International Ocean Discovery Program; IODP; Joides Resolution; Wilkes Land The warmest global climates of the past 65 million years occurred during the early Eocene epoch (about 55 to 48 million years ago), when the Equator-to-pole temperature gradients were much smaller than today (doi:10.1130/0091-7613(1995)023<1044:ECCALT>2.3.CO;2, doi:10.1038/nature08399) and atmospheric carbon dioxide levels were in excess of one thousand parts per million by volume (doi:10.1016/j.gca.2003.09.002, doi:10.1038/ngeo1186). Recently the early Eocene has received considerable interest because it may provide insight into the response of Earth's climate and biosphere to the high atmospheric carbon dioxide levels that are expected in the near future (doi:10.1007/s10584-011-0156-z) as a consequence of unabated anthropogenic carbon emissions (doi:10.1038/ngeo1186, doi:10.1038/nature06588). Climatic conditions of the early Eocene 'greenhouse world', however, are poorly constrained in critical regions, particularly Antarctica. Here we present a well-dated record of early Eocene climate on Antarctica from an ocean sediment core recovered off the Wilkes Land coast of East Antarctica. The information from biotic climate proxies (pollen and spores) and independent organic geochemical climate proxies (indices based on branched tetraether lipids) yields quantitative, seasonal temperature reconstructions for the early Eocene greenhouse world on Antarctica. We show that the climate in lowland settings along the Wilkes Land coast (at a palaeolatitude of about 70° south) supported the growth of highly diverse, near-tropical forests characterized by mesothermal to megathermal floral elements including palms and Bombacoideae. Notably, winters were extremely mild (warmer than 10 °C) and essentially frost-free despite polar darkness, which provides a critical new constraint for the validation of climate models and for understanding the response of high-latitude terrestrial ecosystems to increased carbon dioxide forcing. |
| title | Pollen and spores, calculated temperature and precipitation of IODP Hole 318-U1356A |
| topic | 318-U1356A; DRILL; Drilling/drill rig; Exp318; Integrated Ocean Drilling Program / International Ocean Discovery Program; IODP; Joides Resolution; Wilkes Land |
| url | https://doi.org/10.1594/PANGAEA.786960 |