Experimental ocean acidification alters the allocation of metabolic energy
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| Natura: | Dataset Open Access |
| Lingua: | en |
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PANGAEA
2015
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| _version_ | 1867169105961811968 |
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| author | Francis Pan, T C Applebaum, Scott L Manahan, Donal T |
| author_facet | Francis Pan, T C Applebaum, Scott L Manahan, Donal T |
| collection | Datos científicos de ciencias marinas y ambientales |
| contents | Energy is required to maintain physiological homeostasis in response to environmental change. Although responses to environmental stressors frequently are assumed to involve high metabolic costs, the biochemical bases of actual energy demands are rarely quantified. We studied the impact of a near-future scenario of ocean acidification [800 µatm partial pressure of CO2 (pCO2)] during the development and growth of an important model organism in developmental and environmental biology, the sea urchin Strongylocentrotus purpuratus. Size, metabolic rate, biochemical content, and gene expression were not different in larvae growing under control and seawater acidification treatments. Measurements limited to those levels of biological analysis did not reveal the biochemical mechanisms of response to ocean acidification that occurred at the cellular level. In vivo rates of protein synthesis and ion transport increased 50% under acidification. Importantly, the in vivo physiological increases in ion transport were not predicted from total enzyme activity or gene expression. Under acidification, the increased rates of protein synthesis and ion transport that were sustained in growing larvae collectively accounted for the majority of available ATP (84%). In contrast, embryos and prefeeding and unfed larvae in control treatments allocated on average only 40% of ATP to these same two processes. Understanding the biochemical strategies for accommodating increases in metabolic energy demand and their biological limitations can serve as a quantitative basis for assessing sublethal effects of global change. Variation in the ability to allocate ATP differentially among essential functions may be a key basis of resilience to ocean acidification and other compounding environmental stressors. |
| format | Dataset Open Access |
| id | pangaea_https___doi_org_10_1594_PANGAEA_847832 |
| institution | PANGAEA |
| language | en |
| publishDate | 2015 |
| publisher | PANGAEA |
| record_format | pangaea |
| spellingShingle | Experimental ocean acidification alters the allocation of metabolic energy Francis Pan, T C Applebaum, Scott L Manahan, Donal T Age; Alkalinity, total; Alkalinity, total, standard error; Animalia; Aragonite saturation state; Aragonite saturation state, standard error; Bicarbonate ion; Body length; Body length, standard deviation; Calcite saturation state; Calcite saturation state, standard error; Calculated using CO2SYS; Calculated using seacarb after Nisumaa et al. (2010); Carbon, inorganic, dissolved; Carbon, inorganic, dissolved, standard error; Carbonate ion; Carbonate ion, standard error; Carbonate system computation flag; Carbon dioxide; Containers and aquaria (20-1000 L or < 1 m**2); Coulometric titration; Echinodermata; Feeding mode; Fugacity of carbon dioxide (water) at sea surface temperature (wet air); Gene expression (incl. proteomics); Growth/Morphology; In vivo Sodium, Potassium, adenosine triphosphatase activity per individual; Laboratory experiment; Not applicable; OA-ICC; Ocean acidification; Ocean Acidification International Coordination Centre; Partial pressure of carbon dioxide (water) at sea surface temperature (wet air); Partial pressure of carbon dioxide (water) at sea surface temperature (wet air), standard error; Pelagos; Percentage; pH, NBS scale; pH, standard error; pH, total scale; Potentiometric; Protein name; Proteins; Proteins, standard deviation; Proteins, synthesis rate, per individual; Proteins, synthesis rate, standard deviation; Respiration; Respiration rate, oxygen, per individual; Respiration rate, oxygen, standard deviation; Salinity; Single species; Species; Strongylocentrotus purpuratus; Temperature, water; Temperature, water, standard error; Treatment; Zooplankton Energy is required to maintain physiological homeostasis in response to environmental change. Although responses to environmental stressors frequently are assumed to involve high metabolic costs, the biochemical bases of actual energy demands are rarely quantified. We studied the impact of a near-future scenario of ocean acidification [800 µatm partial pressure of CO2 (pCO2)] during the development and growth of an important model organism in developmental and environmental biology, the sea urchin Strongylocentrotus purpuratus. Size, metabolic rate, biochemical content, and gene expression were not different in larvae growing under control and seawater acidification treatments. Measurements limited to those levels of biological analysis did not reveal the biochemical mechanisms of response to ocean acidification that occurred at the cellular level. In vivo rates of protein synthesis and ion transport increased 50% under acidification. Importantly, the in vivo physiological increases in ion transport were not predicted from total enzyme activity or gene expression. Under acidification, the increased rates of protein synthesis and ion transport that were sustained in growing larvae collectively accounted for the majority of available ATP (84%). In contrast, embryos and prefeeding and unfed larvae in control treatments allocated on average only 40% of ATP to these same two processes. Understanding the biochemical strategies for accommodating increases in metabolic energy demand and their biological limitations can serve as a quantitative basis for assessing sublethal effects of global change. Variation in the ability to allocate ATP differentially among essential functions may be a key basis of resilience to ocean acidification and other compounding environmental stressors. |
| title | Experimental ocean acidification alters the allocation of metabolic energy |
| topic | Age; Alkalinity, total; Alkalinity, total, standard error; Animalia; Aragonite saturation state; Aragonite saturation state, standard error; Bicarbonate ion; Body length; Body length, standard deviation; Calcite saturation state; Calcite saturation state, standard error; Calculated using CO2SYS; Calculated using seacarb after Nisumaa et al. (2010); Carbon, inorganic, dissolved; Carbon, inorganic, dissolved, standard error; Carbonate ion; Carbonate ion, standard error; Carbonate system computation flag; Carbon dioxide; Containers and aquaria (20-1000 L or < 1 m**2); Coulometric titration; Echinodermata; Feeding mode; Fugacity of carbon dioxide (water) at sea surface temperature (wet air); Gene expression (incl. proteomics); Growth/Morphology; In vivo Sodium, Potassium, adenosine triphosphatase activity per individual; Laboratory experiment; Not applicable; OA-ICC; Ocean acidification; Ocean Acidification International Coordination Centre; Partial pressure of carbon dioxide (water) at sea surface temperature (wet air); Partial pressure of carbon dioxide (water) at sea surface temperature (wet air), standard error; Pelagos; Percentage; pH, NBS scale; pH, standard error; pH, total scale; Potentiometric; Protein name; Proteins; Proteins, standard deviation; Proteins, synthesis rate, per individual; Proteins, synthesis rate, standard deviation; Respiration; Respiration rate, oxygen, per individual; Respiration rate, oxygen, standard deviation; Salinity; Single species; Species; Strongylocentrotus purpuratus; Temperature, water; Temperature, water, standard error; Treatment; Zooplankton |
| url | https://doi.org/10.1594/PANGAEA.847832 |