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| Main Authors: | , , , , , |
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| Format: | Dataset Open Access |
| Language: | en |
| Published: |
PANGAEA
2015
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| Subjects: | |
| Online Access: | https://doi.org/10.1594/PANGAEA.847833 |
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| _version_ | 1867171836169551872 |
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| author | Fitzer, Susan C Zhu, Wenzhong Tanner, K Elizabeth Phoenix, Vernon R Kamenos, N A Cusack, Maggie |
| author_facet | Fitzer, Susan C Zhu, Wenzhong Tanner, K Elizabeth Phoenix, Vernon R Kamenos, N A Cusack, Maggie |
| collection | Datos científicos de ciencias marinas y ambientales |
| contents | Ocean acidification (OA) and the resultant changing carbonate saturation states is threatening the formation of calcium carbonate shells and exoskeletons of marine organisms. The production of biominerals in such organisms relies on the availability of carbonate and the ability of the organism to biomineralize in changing environments. To understand how biomineralizers will respond to OA the common blue mussel, Mytilus edulis, was cultured at projected levels of pCO2 (380, 550, 750, 1000 µatm) and increased temperatures (ambient, ambient plus 2°C). Nanoindentation (a single mussel shell) and microhardness testing were used to assess the material properties of the shells. Young's modulus (E), hardness (H) and toughness (KIC) were measured in mussel shells grown in multiple stressor conditions. OA caused mussels to produce shell calcite that is stiffer (higher modulus of elasticity) and harder than shells grown in control conditions. The outer shell (calcite) is more brittle in OA conditions while the inner shell (aragonite) is softer and less stiff in shells grown under OA conditions. Combining increasing ocean pCO2 and temperatures as projected for future global ocean appears to reduce the impact of increasing pCO2 on the material properties of the mussel shell. OA may cause changes in shell material properties that could prove problematic under predation scenarios for the mussels; however, this may be partially mitigated by increasing temperature. |
| format | Dataset Open Access |
| id | pangaea_https___doi_org_10_1594_PANGAEA_847833 |
| institution | PANGAEA |
| language | en |
| publishDate | 2015 |
| publisher | PANGAEA |
| record_format | pangaea |
| spellingShingle | Ocean acidification alters the material properties of Mytilus edulis shells Fitzer, Susan C Zhu, Wenzhong Tanner, K Elizabeth Phoenix, Vernon R Kamenos, N A Cusack, Maggie Alkalinity, total; Alkalinity, total, standard deviation; Animalia; Aragonite saturation state; Benthic animals; Benthos; Bicarbonate ion; Bottles or small containers/Aquaria (<20 L); Calcite saturation state; Calculated using CO2SYS; Calculated using seacarb after Nisumaa et al. (2010); Carbon, inorganic, dissolved; Carbonate ion; Carbonate system computation flag; Carbon dioxide; Coast and continental shelf; Coefficient of variation; Drift correction; Fracture toughness; Fracture toughness, standard deviation; Fugacity of carbon dioxide (water) at sea surface temperature (wet air); Hardness; Hardness, standard deviation; Identification; Laboratory experiment; Minerals; Mollusca; Mytilus edulis; North Atlantic; OA-ICC; Ocean acidification; Ocean Acidification International Coordination Centre; Other studied parameter or process; Oxygen; Oxygen, standard deviation; Partial pressure of carbon dioxide, standard deviation; Partial pressure of carbon dioxide (water) at sea surface temperature (wet air); pH, total scale; Position, length; Potentiometric titration; Salinity; Salinity, standard deviation; Sample code/label; Single species; Species; Table; Temperate; Temperature; Temperature, water; Temperature, water, standard deviation; Test set; Treatment; Young's modulus; Youngs modulus, standard deviation Ocean acidification (OA) and the resultant changing carbonate saturation states is threatening the formation of calcium carbonate shells and exoskeletons of marine organisms. The production of biominerals in such organisms relies on the availability of carbonate and the ability of the organism to biomineralize in changing environments. To understand how biomineralizers will respond to OA the common blue mussel, Mytilus edulis, was cultured at projected levels of pCO2 (380, 550, 750, 1000 µatm) and increased temperatures (ambient, ambient plus 2°C). Nanoindentation (a single mussel shell) and microhardness testing were used to assess the material properties of the shells. Young's modulus (E), hardness (H) and toughness (KIC) were measured in mussel shells grown in multiple stressor conditions. OA caused mussels to produce shell calcite that is stiffer (higher modulus of elasticity) and harder than shells grown in control conditions. The outer shell (calcite) is more brittle in OA conditions while the inner shell (aragonite) is softer and less stiff in shells grown under OA conditions. Combining increasing ocean pCO2 and temperatures as projected for future global ocean appears to reduce the impact of increasing pCO2 on the material properties of the mussel shell. OA may cause changes in shell material properties that could prove problematic under predation scenarios for the mussels; however, this may be partially mitigated by increasing temperature. |
| title | Ocean acidification alters the material properties of Mytilus edulis shells |
| topic | Alkalinity, total; Alkalinity, total, standard deviation; Animalia; Aragonite saturation state; Benthic animals; Benthos; Bicarbonate ion; Bottles or small containers/Aquaria (<20 L); Calcite saturation state; Calculated using CO2SYS; Calculated using seacarb after Nisumaa et al. (2010); Carbon, inorganic, dissolved; Carbonate ion; Carbonate system computation flag; Carbon dioxide; Coast and continental shelf; Coefficient of variation; Drift correction; Fracture toughness; Fracture toughness, standard deviation; Fugacity of carbon dioxide (water) at sea surface temperature (wet air); Hardness; Hardness, standard deviation; Identification; Laboratory experiment; Minerals; Mollusca; Mytilus edulis; North Atlantic; OA-ICC; Ocean acidification; Ocean Acidification International Coordination Centre; Other studied parameter or process; Oxygen; Oxygen, standard deviation; Partial pressure of carbon dioxide, standard deviation; Partial pressure of carbon dioxide (water) at sea surface temperature (wet air); pH, total scale; Position, length; Potentiometric titration; Salinity; Salinity, standard deviation; Sample code/label; Single species; Species; Table; Temperate; Temperature; Temperature, water; Temperature, water, standard deviation; Test set; Treatment; Young's modulus; Youngs modulus, standard deviation |
| url | https://doi.org/10.1594/PANGAEA.847833 |