Ocean warming modulates the effects of acidification on Emiliania huxleyi calcification and sinking
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| Formato: | Dataset Open Access |
| Lenguaje: | en |
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PANGAEA
2016
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| _version_ | 1867170995295485952 |
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| author | Milner, Sara Langer, Gerald Grelaud, Michaël Ziveri, Patrizia |
| author_facet | Milner, Sara Langer, Gerald Grelaud, Michaël Ziveri, Patrizia |
| collection | Datos científicos de ciencias marinas y ambientales |
| contents | Ongoing ocean warming and acidification are tied to the rapid accumulation of human-induced carbon dioxide (CO2) in the atmosphere and subsequent uptake of heat and CO2 by the surface ocean. These processes are expected to drive large changes in marine ecosystems. While numerous studies have examined the effects of ocean acidification on coccolithophores, less is known on their combined effect. In this study, we investigate temperature modulation of the carbonate chemistry sensitivity of the coccolithophore Emiliania huxleyi (RCC1827 from the Western Mediterranean) in a culture experiment. We analyzed the responses of coccolith morphology, particulate inorganic and organic carbon production, and sinking rate of individual cells. E. huxleyi was exposed to three CO2 levels (ca. 400 µatm, 900 µatm, and 1400 µatm) at 15°C and 20°C. Temperature adds to the negative effect of increasing pCO2 on coccolith morphology, suggesting that a significant number of E. huxleyi strains might suffer from a temperature increase, hampering their evolutionary success. Temperature amplified the positive effect of increasing pCO2 on organic carbon production, while modulating the response of calcification rates, indicating that the response to increasing pCO2 must be taken with caution depending on the temperature range studied. Sinking rates were positively correlated with temperature, whereas pCO2 did not have any effect. The combined effect of carbonate chemistry and temperature on the E. huxleyi ratio between particulate inorganic carbon and particulate organic carbon (PIC/POC) might also lower the sinking rate of aggregates. In conclusion, in a warmer and more acidified ocean, individual coccolithophore cells might sink faster, while aggregates might sink slower. |
| format | Dataset Open Access |
| id | pangaea_https___doi_org_10_1594_PANGAEA_869470 |
| institution | PANGAEA |
| language | en |
| publishDate | 2016 |
| publisher | PANGAEA |
| record_format | pangaea |
| spellingShingle | Ocean warming modulates the effects of acidification on Emiliania huxleyi calcification and sinking Milner, Sara Langer, Gerald Grelaud, Michaël Ziveri, Patrizia Alkalinity, total; Alkalinity, total, standard deviation; Aragonite saturation state; Bicarbonate ion; Bicarbonate ion, standard deviation; Bottles or small containers/Aquaria (<20 L); Calcification/Dissolution; Calcite saturation state; Calcite saturation state, standard deviation; Calculated using seacarb after Nisumaa et al. (2010); Carbon, inorganic, dissolved; Carbon, inorganic, dissolved, standard deviation; Carbon, inorganic, particulate, per cell; Carbon, inorganic, particulate, per cell, standard deviation; Carbon, inorganic, particulate, production, standard deviation; Carbon, inorganic, particulate, production per cell; Carbon, organic, particulate, per cell; Carbon, organic, particulate, per cell, standard deviation; Carbon, organic, particulate, production, standard deviation; Carbon, organic, particulate, production per cell; Carbonate ion; Carbonate ion, standard deviation; Carbonate system computation flag; Carbon dioxide; Chromista; Coccoliths; Coccoliths, normal; Coccoliths, normal, standard deviation; Coccoliths, standard deviation; Coccosphere, diameter; Coccosphere, diameter, standard deviation; Density; Density, standard deviation; Element analyzer CHN (Hewlett-Packard); Emiliania huxleyi; Fugacity of carbon dioxide (water) at sea surface temperature (wet air); Growth/Morphology; Growth rate; Growth rate, standard deviation; Haptophyta; Laboratory experiment; Laboratory strains; Malformation rate; Malformation rate, standard deviation; Mediterranean Sea; OA-ICC; Ocean acidification; Ocean Acidification International Coordination Centre; Partial pressure of carbon dioxide, standard deviation; Partial pressure of carbon dioxide (water) at sea surface temperature (wet air); Particulate inorganic carbon/particulate organic carbon ratio; Particulate inorganic carbon/particulate organic carbon ratio, standard deviation; Pelagos; pH, NBS scale; pH, standard deviation; pH, total scale; Phytoplankton; Primary production/Photosynthesis; Registration number of species; Salinity; Scanning electron microscope (SEM); Single species; Sinking velocity; Sinking velocity, standard deviation; Species; Temperature; Temperature, water; Treatment; Type; Uniform resource locator/link to reference Ongoing ocean warming and acidification are tied to the rapid accumulation of human-induced carbon dioxide (CO2) in the atmosphere and subsequent uptake of heat and CO2 by the surface ocean. These processes are expected to drive large changes in marine ecosystems. While numerous studies have examined the effects of ocean acidification on coccolithophores, less is known on their combined effect. In this study, we investigate temperature modulation of the carbonate chemistry sensitivity of the coccolithophore Emiliania huxleyi (RCC1827 from the Western Mediterranean) in a culture experiment. We analyzed the responses of coccolith morphology, particulate inorganic and organic carbon production, and sinking rate of individual cells. E. huxleyi was exposed to three CO2 levels (ca. 400 µatm, 900 µatm, and 1400 µatm) at 15°C and 20°C. Temperature adds to the negative effect of increasing pCO2 on coccolith morphology, suggesting that a significant number of E. huxleyi strains might suffer from a temperature increase, hampering their evolutionary success. Temperature amplified the positive effect of increasing pCO2 on organic carbon production, while modulating the response of calcification rates, indicating that the response to increasing pCO2 must be taken with caution depending on the temperature range studied. Sinking rates were positively correlated with temperature, whereas pCO2 did not have any effect. The combined effect of carbonate chemistry and temperature on the E. huxleyi ratio between particulate inorganic carbon and particulate organic carbon (PIC/POC) might also lower the sinking rate of aggregates. In conclusion, in a warmer and more acidified ocean, individual coccolithophore cells might sink faster, while aggregates might sink slower. |
| title | Ocean warming modulates the effects of acidification on Emiliania huxleyi calcification and sinking |
| topic | Alkalinity, total; Alkalinity, total, standard deviation; Aragonite saturation state; Bicarbonate ion; Bicarbonate ion, standard deviation; Bottles or small containers/Aquaria (<20 L); Calcification/Dissolution; Calcite saturation state; Calcite saturation state, standard deviation; Calculated using seacarb after Nisumaa et al. (2010); Carbon, inorganic, dissolved; Carbon, inorganic, dissolved, standard deviation; Carbon, inorganic, particulate, per cell; Carbon, inorganic, particulate, per cell, standard deviation; Carbon, inorganic, particulate, production, standard deviation; Carbon, inorganic, particulate, production per cell; Carbon, organic, particulate, per cell; Carbon, organic, particulate, per cell, standard deviation; Carbon, organic, particulate, production, standard deviation; Carbon, organic, particulate, production per cell; Carbonate ion; Carbonate ion, standard deviation; Carbonate system computation flag; Carbon dioxide; Chromista; Coccoliths; Coccoliths, normal; Coccoliths, normal, standard deviation; Coccoliths, standard deviation; Coccosphere, diameter; Coccosphere, diameter, standard deviation; Density; Density, standard deviation; Element analyzer CHN (Hewlett-Packard); Emiliania huxleyi; Fugacity of carbon dioxide (water) at sea surface temperature (wet air); Growth/Morphology; Growth rate; Growth rate, standard deviation; Haptophyta; Laboratory experiment; Laboratory strains; Malformation rate; Malformation rate, standard deviation; Mediterranean Sea; OA-ICC; Ocean acidification; Ocean Acidification International Coordination Centre; Partial pressure of carbon dioxide, standard deviation; Partial pressure of carbon dioxide (water) at sea surface temperature (wet air); Particulate inorganic carbon/particulate organic carbon ratio; Particulate inorganic carbon/particulate organic carbon ratio, standard deviation; Pelagos; pH, NBS scale; pH, standard deviation; pH, total scale; Phytoplankton; Primary production/Photosynthesis; Registration number of species; Salinity; Scanning electron microscope (SEM); Single species; Sinking velocity; Sinking velocity, standard deviation; Species; Temperature; Temperature, water; Treatment; Type; Uniform resource locator/link to reference |
| url | https://doi.org/10.1594/PANGAEA.869470 |