Stable carbon isotope values of TOC and biphytanes for three PETM sections in Denmark and for the ETM2 section of iODP Site 302-M0004A from the Lomonosov Ridge
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| Formato: | Dataset Open Access |
| Lenguaje: | en |
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PANGAEA
2013
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| _version_ | 1867169122570207232 |
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| author | Schoon, Petra L Heilmann-Clausen, Claus Pagh Schultz, Bo Sluijs, Appy Sinninghe Damsté, Jaap S Schouten, Stefan |
| author_facet | Schoon, Petra L Heilmann-Clausen, Claus Pagh Schultz, Bo Sluijs, Appy Sinninghe Damsté, Jaap S Schouten, Stefan |
| collection | Datos científicos de ciencias marinas y ambientales |
| contents | The Paleocene-Eocene Thermal Maximum (PETM; ~56 Ma) and Eocene Thermal Maximum 2 (ETM2; ~53 Ma) are geological short (<200,000 years) episodes of extreme global warming and environmental change. Both the PETM and ETM2 are associated with the injection of 13C-depleted carbon into the ocean-atmosphere system as revealed through a globally recognized carbon isotope excursion (CIE) and massive dissolution of deep sea carbonate. However, the magnitude of these CIEs vary with the type of fossil matter, i.e. multiple carbonate phases, bulk organic matter, and terrestrial and marine biomarker lipids, making it difficult to constrain the actual CIE in atmospheric and oceanic carbon pools. Here we analyzed the stable carbon isotopic composition (d13C) of glycerol dibiphytanyl glycerol tetraether lipids (GDGTs) derived from marine Thaumarchaeota in sediments deposited during the PETM in the North Sea Basin and ETM2 in the Arctic Ocean. The d13C values of these lipids are potentially directly recording variations in d13C dissolved inorganic carbon (DIC) and can thus provide a record of marine d13C DIC across both these Eocene carbon cycle perturbations. Reconstructed pre-CIE d13CDIC values are slightly lower (0.5-1 per mil) than modern day values, possibly because Thaumarchaeotal lipids are not only derived from surface waters but also from 13C-depleted subsurface waters. Their values decrease by ~3.6 (±0.3) per mil and ~ 2.5 (±0.7) per mil during the PETM and ETM2, respectively. The CIE in crenarchaeol for ETM2 is higher than that in marine calcite from other locations, possibly because of the admixture of deep water 13C-depleted CO2 generated by the euxinic conditions that developed occasionally during ETM2. However, the reconstructed PETM CIE lies close to the CIE inferred from marine calcite, suggesting that the d13C record of crenarchaeol may document changes in marine DIC during the PETM in the North Sea Basin. The d13C of thaumarchaeotal lipids may thus be a novel tool to reconstruct the d13C of DIC in sediments that are devoid of carbonates, but relatively rich in organic matter, such as shallow marine coastal settings |
| format | Dataset Open Access |
| id | pangaea_https___doi_org_10_1594_PANGAEA_881514 |
| institution | PANGAEA |
| language | en |
| publishDate | 2013 |
| publisher | PANGAEA |
| record_format | pangaea |
| spellingShingle | Stable carbon isotope values of TOC and biphytanes for three PETM sections in Denmark and for the ETM2 section of iODP Site 302-M0004A from the Lomonosov Ridge Schoon, Petra L Heilmann-Clausen, Claus Pagh Schultz, Bo Sluijs, Appy Sinninghe Damsté, Jaap S Schouten, Stefan 302-M0004A; ACEX-M4A; Age, comment; Arctic Coring Expedition, ACEX; Arctic Ocean; Area/locality; Biphytanes, acyclic, δ13C; Biphytanes, acyclic, δ13C, standard deviation; Biphytanes, bicyclic, δ13C; Biphytanes, bicyclic, δ13C, standard deviation; Biphytanes, monocyclic, δ13C; Biphytanes, monocyclic, δ13C, standard deviation; Biphytanes, tricyclic, δ13C; Biphytanes, tricyclic, δ13C, standard deviation; CCGS Captain Molly Kool (Vidar Viking); Denmark; Denmark, Jutland; Depth, relative; Event label; Exp302; Fur_island; Great_Belt; HAND; Integrated Ocean Drilling Program / International Ocean Discovery Program; IODP; MULT; Multiple investigations; NIOZ_UU; NIOZ Royal Netherlands Institute for Sea Research, and Utrecht University; Olst-Hinge; OUTCROP; Outcrop sample; Sample code/label; Sampling by hand; Western Baltic Sea; δ13C, organic carbon; δ13C, organic carbon, standard deviation The Paleocene-Eocene Thermal Maximum (PETM; ~56 Ma) and Eocene Thermal Maximum 2 (ETM2; ~53 Ma) are geological short (<200,000 years) episodes of extreme global warming and environmental change. Both the PETM and ETM2 are associated with the injection of 13C-depleted carbon into the ocean-atmosphere system as revealed through a globally recognized carbon isotope excursion (CIE) and massive dissolution of deep sea carbonate. However, the magnitude of these CIEs vary with the type of fossil matter, i.e. multiple carbonate phases, bulk organic matter, and terrestrial and marine biomarker lipids, making it difficult to constrain the actual CIE in atmospheric and oceanic carbon pools. Here we analyzed the stable carbon isotopic composition (d13C) of glycerol dibiphytanyl glycerol tetraether lipids (GDGTs) derived from marine Thaumarchaeota in sediments deposited during the PETM in the North Sea Basin and ETM2 in the Arctic Ocean. The d13C values of these lipids are potentially directly recording variations in d13C dissolved inorganic carbon (DIC) and can thus provide a record of marine d13C DIC across both these Eocene carbon cycle perturbations. Reconstructed pre-CIE d13CDIC values are slightly lower (0.5-1 per mil) than modern day values, possibly because Thaumarchaeotal lipids are not only derived from surface waters but also from 13C-depleted subsurface waters. Their values decrease by ~3.6 (±0.3) per mil and ~ 2.5 (±0.7) per mil during the PETM and ETM2, respectively. The CIE in crenarchaeol for ETM2 is higher than that in marine calcite from other locations, possibly because of the admixture of deep water 13C-depleted CO2 generated by the euxinic conditions that developed occasionally during ETM2. However, the reconstructed PETM CIE lies close to the CIE inferred from marine calcite, suggesting that the d13C record of crenarchaeol may document changes in marine DIC during the PETM in the North Sea Basin. The d13C of thaumarchaeotal lipids may thus be a novel tool to reconstruct the d13C of DIC in sediments that are devoid of carbonates, but relatively rich in organic matter, such as shallow marine coastal settings |
| title | Stable carbon isotope values of TOC and biphytanes for three PETM sections in Denmark and for the ETM2 section of iODP Site 302-M0004A from the Lomonosov Ridge |
| topic | 302-M0004A; ACEX-M4A; Age, comment; Arctic Coring Expedition, ACEX; Arctic Ocean; Area/locality; Biphytanes, acyclic, δ13C; Biphytanes, acyclic, δ13C, standard deviation; Biphytanes, bicyclic, δ13C; Biphytanes, bicyclic, δ13C, standard deviation; Biphytanes, monocyclic, δ13C; Biphytanes, monocyclic, δ13C, standard deviation; Biphytanes, tricyclic, δ13C; Biphytanes, tricyclic, δ13C, standard deviation; CCGS Captain Molly Kool (Vidar Viking); Denmark; Denmark, Jutland; Depth, relative; Event label; Exp302; Fur_island; Great_Belt; HAND; Integrated Ocean Drilling Program / International Ocean Discovery Program; IODP; MULT; Multiple investigations; NIOZ_UU; NIOZ Royal Netherlands Institute for Sea Research, and Utrecht University; Olst-Hinge; OUTCROP; Outcrop sample; Sample code/label; Sampling by hand; Western Baltic Sea; δ13C, organic carbon; δ13C, organic carbon, standard deviation |
| url | https://doi.org/10.1594/PANGAEA.881514 |